Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia is a subtype of cemento-osseous dysplasia. It occurs in the posterior aspect of the jaws, namely in the mandibular molar region, away from the periapical aspect of the teeth 2.
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Epidemiology
Most common in the 4th and 5th decades of life. Strong female predilection (about 80-90%), mainly of African or East Asian descent 3.
Pathology
Benign fibro-osseous lesion characterized by replacement of normal bone by an admixture of cementum, bone, and fibrous connective tissue 2.
Location
It occurs in the posterior region of the jaw.
Radiographic features
Usually detected as an incidental finding in a radiograph. At imaging, it appears as a sclerotic lesion in the posterior region of the jaw, with a radiolucent halo. It is not associated with the teeth or with cortical expansion.
Treatment and prognosis
Treatment is usually not needed as these are non-aggressive lesions. When secondarily infected, it becomes symptomatic and surgical intervention can be required.
Differential diagnosis
idiopathic osteosclerosis: usually lacks a radiolucent halo
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