Histogram equalization is a digital image processing technique used for contrast enhancement across a number of modalities in radiology. In conjunction with other methods, histogram equalization forms one of the key digital image processing techniques utilized in the windowing of images. It is often necessary to use this technique when acquired data is localized within a narrow band of values which would otherwise result in a suboptimal utilization of the full gamut available from a display.
The histogram equalization function (Figure 1) distributes frequently occurring intensities more broadly effectively increasing the apparent contrast perceived in an image.
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