HIV-associated salivary gland disease
Updates to Article Attributes
Parotid enlargement (a.k.a parotidomegaly) has a wide differentials. These include inflammatory, infective, Immune, neoplastic, infiltrative, and congenital causes.HIV-associated salivary gland disease (HIV-SGD) typically presents with xerostomia and/or swelling of the major salivary glands. It encompasses multitude of conditions like lymphoepithelial lesions, cysts involving the salivary gland tissue and/or intraglandular lymph nodes, Sjögren's syndrome-like conditions, diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS), and other reported lesions of the major salivary glands. HIV-related changes of the salivary glands are mostly identified based on the clinical findings and usually do not produce highly specific histomorphologic alterations. The histologic features associated with HIV-SGD are non-specific and similar to other inflammatory conditions of the salivary glands such as chronic sclerosing sialadenitis.
benign lymphoepithelial lesion consisting of an intranodal cyst lined withepithelial cellsUS:√ multiple hypoechoic / anechoic areas without posterior acoustic enhancement (70%)√ anechoic cysts (30%)CT / MR:√ bilateral parotid gland enlargement with intraglandular cystic + solid masses√ cervical lymphadenopathy + enlarged adenoids typically associated
parotid involvement is associated with a better prognosis in HIV-positivechildren!
-<p>benign lymphoepithelial lesion consisting of an intranodal cyst lined with<br>epithelial cells<br>US:<br>√ multiple hypoechoic / anechoic areas without posterior acoustic enhancement (70%)<br>√ anechoic cysts (30%)<br>CT / MR:<br>√ bilateral parotid gland enlargement with intraglandular cystic + solid masses<br>√ cervical lymphadenopathy + enlarged adenoids typically associated</p><p> </p><p>parotid involvement is associated with a better prognosis in HIV-positive<br>children!</p><p> </p>- +<p><strong>Parotid enlargement</strong> (a.k.a <strong>parotidomegaly</strong>) has a wide differentials. These include inflammatory, infective, Immune, neoplastic, infiltrative, and congenital causes.HIV-associated <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/salivary-gland-disease">salivary gland disease</a> (HIV-SGD) typically presents with <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/xerostomia">xerostomia</a> and/or swelling of the major <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/salivary-gland">salivary glands</a>. It encompasses multitude of conditions like lymphoepithelial lesions, cysts involving the salivary gland tissue and/or intraglandular lymph nodes, Sjögren's syndrome-like conditions, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/diffuse-infiltrative-lymphocytosis-syndrome">diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome</a> (DILS), and other reported lesions of the major salivary glands. HIV-related changes of the salivary glands are mostly identified based on the clinical findings and usually do not produce highly specific histomorphologic alterations. The histologic features associated with HIV-SGD are non-specific and similar to other inflammatory conditions of the salivary glands such as chronic sclerosing <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/sialadenitis">sialadenitis</a>.</p><p>benign lymphoepithelial lesion consisting of an intranodal cyst lined with<br>epithelial cells<br>US:<br>√ multiple hypoechoic / anechoic areas without posterior acoustic enhancement (70%)<br>√ anechoic cysts (30%)<br>CT / MR:<br>√ bilateral parotid gland enlargement with intraglandular cystic + solid masses<br>√ cervical lymphadenopathy + enlarged adenoids typically associated</p><p> </p><p>parotid involvement is associated with a better prognosis in HIV-positive<br>children!</p><p> </p>
References changed:
- 1. Meer S, Meer. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Salivary Gland Pathology: An Update. (2019) Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.001">doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.001</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30827854">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>