Hunt and Hess grading system
Last revised by Dominic Kite on 13 May 2021
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Citation:
Gaillard F, Kite D, Hacking C, et al. Hunt and Hess grading system. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 19 Mar 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-3878
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3878
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Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Frank Gaillard had no recorded disclosures.
View Frank Gaillard's current disclosures
Last revised:
13 May 2021,
Dominic Kite
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Dominic Kite had no recorded disclosures.
View Dominic Kite's current disclosures
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The Hunt and Hess scale describes the clinical severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage resulting from the rupture of an intracerebral aneurysm and is used as a predictor of survival.
-
grade 1
- asymptomatic or minimal headache and slight neck stiffness
- 70% survival
-
grade 2
- moderate to severe headache; neck stiffness; no neurologic deficit except cranial nerve palsy
- 60% survival
-
grade 3
- drowsy; minimal neurologic deficit
- 50% survival
-
grade 4
- stuporous; moderate to severe hemiparesis; possibly early decerebrate rigidity and vegetative disturbances
- 20% survival
-
grade 5
- deep coma; decerebrate rigidity; moribund
- 10% survival
History and etymology
It was first described in 1968 by two neurosurgeons from Ohio, USA:
- William Edward Hunt (1921-1999), neurologist and neurosurgeon; also of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
- Robert M Hess (1931-2019) neurosurgeon
See also
References
- 1. Hunt WE, Hess RM. Surgical risk as related to time of intervention in the repair of intracranial aneurysms. J. Neurosurg. 1968;28 (1): 14-20. doi:10.3171/jns.1968.28.1.0014 - Pubmed citation
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