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Citation:
Veiga M, Knipe H, Deng F, Iannetti classification of orbital invasion. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 23 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-83902
The Iannetti classification grades orbital invasion by sinonasal tumours.
There is no universally accepted classification system (c.2021) for assessing orbital invasion by sinonasal tumours and other grading systems, including those proposed by McCary et al. and Neel et al. 2.
grade I: erosion or destruction of the orbital medial wall
grade II: extraconal invasion of the periorbital fat tissue
grade III: invasion of the medial rectus muscle, optic nerve, ocular bulb, or skin overlying the eyelid
Grade I and II tumours can be treated with medial orbital wall resection, and grade III tumours by orbital exenteration 2. Grade III tumours carry a worse prognosis with poorer survival rates 3.
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1. Iannetti G, Valentini V, Rinna C, Ventucci E, Marianetti TM. Ethmoido-orbital tumors: our experience. (2005) The Journal of craniofacial surgery. 16 (6): 1085-91. doi:10.1097/01.scs.0000164332.81428.ba - Pubmed
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2. Castelnuovo P, Lambertoni A, Sileo G et al. Critical Review of Multidisciplinary Approaches for Managing Sinonasal Tumors with Orbital Involvement. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2021;41(Suppl. 1):S76-89. doi:10.14639/0392-100X-suppl.1-41-2021-08 - Pubmed
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3. Li R, Tian S, Zhu Y, Zhu W, Wang S. Management of Orbital Invasion in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: 15 Years’ Experience. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019;10(2):243-55. doi:10.1002/alr.22465 - Pubmed
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