Iophendylate
Iophendylate (generic name is iodophenylundecylic acid) and sold under the tradename Myodil (except the USA where it was marketed as Pantopaque) was an oil-based contrast medium that was previously used for myelography. It was first used in 1944, but officially discontinued in 1988 6.
The iodine moiety of the compound causes high attenuation on radiography and CT 6. Its major drawback was its extremely slow resorption, with contrast medium persisting in situ for decades 6. Complete removal through aspiration was usually impossible after a procedure, and the remaining droplets could lead to chronic irritation and severe arachnoiditis.
Related Radiopaedia articles
Imaging in practice
- imaging in practice
-
general radiography (adult)
- chest radiography
- abdominal radiography
-
upper limb radiography
-
shoulder girdle radiography
- scapula series
-
shoulder series
- AP view
- internal rotation view
- external rotation view
- superoinferior axial view
- inferosuperior axial view
- West Point view
- Velpeau view
- modified trauma axial
- supine lateral
- modified supine lateral
- Y lateral view
- AP glenoid view
- apical oblique view (Garth view)
- humerus (neck) AP view
- humerus axial (bicipital groove) view (Fisk view)
- outlet view (Neer view)
- Stryker notch view
- acromioclavicular joint series
- clavicle series
- sternoclavicular joint series
- arm and forearm radiography
- wrist and hand radiography
-
shoulder girdle radiography
-
lower limb radiography
- pelvic girdle radiography
- thigh and leg radiography
- ankle and foot radiography
- skull radiography
-
paranasal sinus and facial bone radiography
- facial bones
- Caldwell view (angled skull PA view)
- nasal bones
- zygomatic arches
- orbits
- paranasal sinuses
- temporal bones
- dental radiography
- orthopantomography (OPG)
- mandible
- temporomandibular joints
- spine radiography
-
general radiography (pediatric)
- radiographic positioning and terminology
- systematic radiographic technical evaluation
- pediatric immobilization
- foreign body ingestion series
- foreign body inhalation series
- chest radiography
- abdominal radiography
- pelvic girdle radiography
-
upper limb radiography
- thumb series
- finger series
- hand series
- wrist series
- elbow series
- scaphoid series
- bone age series
- lower limb radiography
- skull radiography
- spine radiography
- skeletal survey
-
CT
- iodinated contrast media
- CT contrast administration
-
CT protocol
- composite
- CT polytrauma (technique)
- CT polytrauma (approach)
- CT CAP (chest, abdomen and pelvis)
- CT NCAP (neck, chest, abdomen and pelvis)
- head & neck
- CT head
- CT venogram
- CT stroke protocol
- CTA circle of Willis
- CT perfusion
- CT orbits
- CT sinuses
- CT temporal bones
- CT neck
- CTA carotids
- chest
- abdomen & pelvis
- CT abdomen/pelvis
- CT abdominal aorta
- CT cholangiography
- CT colonography
- CT enteroclysis
- CT enterography
- CT gastrography
- CT KUB
- CT urogram
- CT IVU
- CT renal 4-phase/3-phase
- CT renal (lesion characterization)
- CT renal split bolus
- CTA mesenteric vessels
- CT pancreas
- CT liver
- three phase
- four-phase
- skeletal
- CT cervical spine
- CT thoracolumbar spine
- CT whole spine
- CT shoulder
- CT pelvis
- CT hip
- CT knee
- CT ankle
- CT foot
- composite
-
MRI
- cine imaging
- brain
- screen protocol
- stereotaxis protocol
- tumor protocol
- stroke protocol
- infection protocol
- trauma protocol
- demyelination protocol
- epilepsy protocol
- neurodegenerative protocol
- trigeminal neuralgia protocol
- posterior fossa protocol
- temporal bone/CPA protocol
- pineal and tectal plate protocol
- pituitary gland protocol
- CSF flow
- angiographic protocols
- MRA
- circle of Willis (COW)
- carotid-vertebral system
- MRV
- MRA
- head and neck
- orbits protocol
- sinonasal tract protocol
- salivary glands protocol
- oropharynx and oral cavity protocol
- supra-hyoid neck protocol
- infra-hyoid neck protocol
- chest
- abdomen and pelvis
- liver and biliary tree
- anus and rectum
- uterus and ovaries
- urological
- prostate cancer protocol
- bladder cancer protocol
- kidneys protocol
- musculoskeletal
-
ultrasound
-
obstetric ultrasound
- other
- placenta
-
second trimester
- fetal biometry
- fetal morphology assessment
-
soft markers
- nuchal fold thickness
- ventriculomegaly
- absent nasal bone
- echogenic intracardiac focus
- choroid plexus cysts
- echogenic bowel
- aberrant right subclavian artery
- amnioreduction
- echogenic fetal bowel
- umbilical artery Doppler assessment
- chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis
- nuchal translucency
- failed early pregnancy
- subchorionic hematoma
- multiple gestations
- ectopic pregnancy
-
first trimester and early pregnancy
- gestational sac
- yolk sac
- embryo/fetus
- amnion
- chorion
- Beta-hCG levels
-
gynecologic ultrasound
- acute pelvic pain
- chronic pelvic pain
- uterus
- ovaries
- cervix
- fallopian tube
- other
- vascular ultrasound
- carotids
- extremities
- mesenteric vessels
- other
- breast ultrasound
-
musculoskeletal ultrasound
- technique/artifacts
- ultrasound of arthropathies
- skin/soft tissue ultrasound
- lipoma
- parasitic infection
- other
- pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound
- ankle/foot ultrasound
-
knee ultrasound
- Baker cyst (popliteal cyst)
- infrapatellar bursitis
- hip ultrasound
- hand ultrasound
- wrist ultrasound
- elbow ultrasound
- shoulder ultrasound
- liver ultrasound
- liver
- focal
- diffuse
- hepatic vasculature
- other
- hepatic trauma on ultrasound
- liver transplant
- biliary
- liver
- gallbladder ultrasound
- diffuse gallbladder wall thickening (differential)
- focal gallbladder wall thickening (differential)
- gallstones
- gallbladder sludge
- acute cholecystitis
- chronic cholecystitis
- gallbladder polyp
- gallbladder cholecystoses
- porcelain gallbladder
- gallbladder carcinoma
- gallbladder metastases
- gallbladder lymphoma
- gallbladder volvulus / torsion
- variants
- variants and anomalies
-
pancreatic ultrasound
- pancreatitis
- acute
- chronic
- pseudocyst
- pancreatic necrosis
- pancreatic abscess
- pancreatic carcinoma
- pancreatic endocrine tumors / islet cell tumors
- cystic pancreatic neoplasms
- intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)
- pancreatic metastases
- pancreatic lymphoma
- pancreatic trauma
- pancreas transplant
- pancreatitis
- gastrointestinal ultrasound
- renal ultrasound
- hydronephrosis
- renal stone
- focal lesion
- diffuse
- renal vascular
- renal transplant ultrasound
- other
- bladder ultrasound
-
testicular and scrotal ultrasound
- other
- epididymis
- paratesticular lesions
- bilateral testicular lesion
-
unilateral testicular lesion
- testicular torsion
- orchitis
- testicular rupture
-
germ cell tumor of the testis
- testicular seminoma
-
non seminomatous germ cell tumors
- mixed germ cell tumor
- yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor)
- embryonal cell carcinoma
- choriocarcinoma
- testicular teratoma
- testicular epidermoid (teratoma with ectodermal elements only)
- burned out testis tumor
- sex cord / stromal tumors of the testis
- prostate ultrasound
- other lower genitourinary ultrasound
- urachal cyst
- urethra
- penis
- neck and thyroid ultrasound
- thyroid
- parathyroid
- echocardiography
- echocardiographic modalities
- transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)
- transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
- three dimensional (3D) echocardiography
- epicardial echocardiography
- contrast enhanced echocardiography
- fetal echocardiography
- speckle tracking echocardiography
- physics and imaging modes
- grey-scale (B-mode)
- motion mode (M-mode)
- color flow Doppler (CFD)
-
spectral Doppler
- pulsed wave Doppler (PWD)
- continuous wave Doppler (CWD)
- superb microvascular imaging (SMI)
- tissue Doppler imaging (TDI)
- left ventricular systolic and diastolic function
- structure and morphology
- systolic function
- diastolic function
- right ventricular assessment
- right and left atria
- valvular structure and function
- mitral valve
- aortic valve
- pulmonic valve
- tricuspid valve
- hemodynamics
- pericardium
- cardiomyopathies
- congenital heart disease
- great vessels
- thoracic aorta
- main pulmonary artery
-
inferior vena cava
- collapsability index
- distensibility index
- superior vena cava
- echocardiographic modalities
- pediatric ultrasound
- ultrasound interventions
- ultrasound-guided biopsy
- ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage
- ultrasound-guided musculoskeletal interventions
- joint injection
- nerve blocks
- ultrasound-guided intravenous cannulation
- contrast-enhanced ultrasound
-
obstetric ultrasound
- nuclear medicine
-
radiation therapy
- external beam radiation therapy (EBRT)
- sealed source radiation therapy (brachytherapy)
- unsealed source radiation therapy
-
interventional
- procedure overview
- neck
- thyroid gland
- breast
- chest
- hepatobiliary
- splenic interventions
- gastrointestinal
- urogenital
- bladder
- kidney
- prostate
- musculoskeletal
-
arthrogram
- MR arthrogram
- CT arthrogram
- anesthetic arthrogram
- bone biopsy (CT-guided)
-
arthrogram
- upper limb
- lower limb
-
hip
- hip joint injection (technique)
- greater trochanteric bursa injection
- gluteus minimus/ medius tendon calcific tendinopathy barbotage
- iliopsoas tendon bursa injection
- lateral cutaneous femoral nerve of the thigh injection
- piriformis injection
- common hamstrings origin injections
-
knee
- common peroneal (fibular) nerve injection
- knee joint injection
- patella tendon microtenotomy
- quadriceps tendon microtenotomy
- tibial nerve injection
-
ankle
- achilles hydrodilation & microtenotomy
- ankle joint injection
- extensor tendon sheath injection
- flexor tendon sheath injection
- os trigonum injection
- peroneal tendon sheath injection
- subtalar joint injection
- tibial nerve injection
-
foot
- calcaneocuboid joint injection
- metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) injection
- naviculocuneiform joint injection
- plantar fascia microtenotomy
- subtalar joint injection
- talonavicular joint injection
- tarsometatarsal joint (TMTJ) injection
-
hip
- spine
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.