Jewett-Strong-Marshall tumor staging system for bladder cancer is of historic interest only and has been superseded by the TNM staging system.
stage 0: epithelial
stage A: submucosal invasion but no involvement of muscle i.e. lamina propria
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stage B: bladder wall or muscle invasion
B1: superficial muscle
B2: deep muscle
stage C: extension through serosa into perivesical fat (around bladder)
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stage D: lymph node and distant metastases
D1: regional nodes (nodes below common iliac artery bifurcation)
D2: distant nodes and other distant metastases (i.e. other organs)
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