Lichen planus refers to a dermatological condition that typically affects the skin, nails, oral cavity, genitals or perineum.
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Epidemiology
The prevalence of lichen planus varies according to studies but is estimated to be approximately 0.22-5% worldwide. Lichen planus occurs in all age groups, but is most often represented in adulthood between 30-80 years old of age 2.
Associations
Clinical presentation
Skin lesions are characterized by violaceous scaly pruritic plaque eruption while oral lesions are characterized by erosions and lace-like reticular plaques. If affecting the esophagus, dysphagia may be present 5.
It is a chronic condition that waxes and wanes over time. However, they are considered a risk factor for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas 1.
Radiographic features
Fluoroscopy
Barium swallow
In lichen planus affecting the esophagus, barium swallow may reveal indicated strictures and narrowing of the esophagus 6. Narrowing is generally symmetrical and involves smooth contours 6.
Treatment and prognosis
Management depends on severity and location of lichen planus. Treatment options include topical or systemic steroids, retinoids and phototherapy 3.
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