Liver and biliary interventional procedures

There is a wide range of liver and biliary interventional procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, most commonly using CT-guidance or ultrasound-guidance.  

Vascular Interventions:

• transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
• transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB)

Percutaneous interventions: 

• liver biopsy (US and CT-guided)
• collections/abscess drainage
  • ultrasound guided
  • CT guided
• transhepatic biliary interventions
  • ​​percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) 
  • percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD)  
  • percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC)

Interventional oncologic therapeutic procedures:

• transarterial tumor embolization: a method that promotes tumor destruction through a combination of embolization of its supplier arteries, often combined with locoregional chemotherapy
  • bland embolization
  • transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE)
  • transarterial chemoembolisation with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE)
  • hepatic radioembolisation (also known as selective internal radiation therapy - SIRT)
• tumor ablations: percutaneous local tumor destruction using a device to cause a focused zone of cell death
  • thermal ablation techniques
    • radiofrequency ablation (RFA)
    • microwave ablation
    • cryoablation
  • non-thermal ablation technique
    • irreversible electroporation (IRE)