Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Gaillard F, Botz B, Skandhan A, et al. Low-lying tonsils. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 24 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-58257
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Frank Gaillard had the following disclosures:
- Radiopaedia Australia Pty Ltd and Radiopaedia Events Pty Ltd, Director, Founder and CEO (Radiopaedia) (ongoing)
- Biogen Australia Pty Ltd, Investigator-Initiated Research Grant for CAD software in multiple sclerosis: finished Oct 2021 (past)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to
not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Frank Gaillard's current disclosures
Low-lying tonsils, sometimes also called benign tonsillar ectopia, is a subtype of cerebellar tonsillar ectopia denoting asymptomatic and only slight downward descent of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum and is distinct from Chiari I malformations. Typically a descent of less than 3-5 mm is used, however, this varies from author to author, and is discussed further in the article on Chiari I malformation.
Low-lying tonsils are the preferred term over benign tonsillar ectopia as not all individuals with <5 mm tonsillar ectopia are asymptomatic 1.
The terminology of caudally displaced tonsils is discussed in the article on cerebellar tonsillar ectopia.
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1. K. Furuya, K. Sano, H. Segawa, K. Ide, and H. Yoneyama Symptomatic tonsillar ectopia J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998 Feb; 64(2): 221–226.
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2. Jeffrey Leonard. Chiari Malformation, An Issue of Neurosurgery Clinics of North America,. (2016) ISBN: 9780323400930
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3. Elster AD, Chen MY. Chiari I malformations: clinical and radiologic reappraisal. Radiology. 1992;183 (2): 347-53. Radiology (abstract) - Pubmed citation
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