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Lung hilum

Dr Daniel J Bell ◉ and Dr Don Ngo et al.

The lung hila or roots are found on the medial aspect of each lung. The left and right lung roots are similar but not identical.

Gross anatomy

Left hilum

In the left hilum the left pulmonary artery occupies the upper part. Below this is the left main bronchus. There are two pulmonary veins, one lies in front, and the other lies below the left main bronchus.

Right hilum

In the right hilum the bronchus of the upper lobe and the branch of the right pulmonary artery to the upper lobe originate prior to entering the hilum. Thus, the upper lobe bronchus and artery are found above the level of the right main bronchus and right pulmonary artery. The arteries lie in front of their respective bronchi. The two pulmonary veins are similar to that of the left side, one in front and one below the right main bronchus.

The structures of the lung hilum are enclosed in a sleeve of pleura continuous below with the pulmonary ligament.

In addition to the structures described above, each root contains bronchial vessels, autonomic nerves, lymph nodes and lymphatic channels.

References

Anatomy: Thoracic

thoracic skeleton
- thoracic cage
  - ribs
    - typical ribs
    - atypical ribs
    - variant anatomy
      - bifid ribs
      - Srb anomaly
  - costal cartilage
  - sternum
- thoracic spine
- articulations
muscles of the thorax
spaces of the thorax
thoracic viscera
blood supply of the thorax
- arteries
  - thoracic aorta (development)
  - pulmonary trunk
    - left pulmonary artery
      - aberrant left pulmonary artery
    - right pulmonary artery
- veins
  - superior vena cava (cavoatrial junction)
  - inferior vena cava
  - coronary veins
    - cardiac veins which drain into the coronary sinus
      - great cardiac vein
      - middle cardiac vein
      - small cardiac vein
      - posterior vein of the left ventricle
      - vein of Marshall (oblique vein of the left atrium)
    - anterior cardiac veins
    - venae cordis minimae (smallest cardiac veins or thebesian veins)
  - pulmonary veins
    - bronchial veins
lymphatics
innervation of the thorax

Article information

rID: 43948

System: Chest

Section: Anatomy

Tag: hilum

Synonyms or Alternate Spellings:

Lung hila
Pulmonary root
Pulmonary roots
Lung roots
Lung root
Pulmonary hilum
Pulmonary hila

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