There are many causes for mandibular periostitis:
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis
- malignancy (both primary and metastatic)
- necrosis, e.g. radiation osteonecrosis
-
osteomyelitis
- pyogenic
- Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis
- actinomycosis (uncommon)
- syphilis (uncommon)
- tuberculosis (uncommon)
- reactive periostitis to nearby infection
- hypervitaminosis A
- infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease)