Mitral valve
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View Craig Hacking's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Joachim Feger had no recorded disclosures.
View Joachim Feger's current disclosures- Bicuspid valve
- Mitral valve (MV)
- Mitral valves (MVs)
- Bicuspid valves
The mitral valve (MV) (or bicuspid valve) is one of the four cardiac valves. It is the atrioventricular valve that allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. It opens during diastole and closes during systole. The valve has anterior and posterior leaflets (cusps), the bases of which attach around the AV orifice to a fibrous ring, known as the mitral valve annulus (MVA), forming part of the fibrous skeleton of the heart. The chordae tendineae are thin strong inelastic fibrous chords that extend from the free edge of the cusps to the apices of the papillary muscles within the left ventricle. Both cusps receive chordae tendineae from both papillary muscles. The anterior cusp is thicker and more mobile than the posterior cusp, and in general, the cusps of the mitral valve are smaller and thicker than those of the tricuspid valve.
Related pathology
- mitral stenosis
- mitral regurgitation
- mitral valve disease
- rheumatic heart disease
- mitral valve prolapse
- mitral valve annular calcification
- parachute mitral valve
- mitral valve papillary muscle rupture
History and etymology
The Latin word 'mitra' refers to a turban used to describe the ceremonial head-dress as worn by Catholic bishops (hence the modern word mitre). The valve was initially described as resembling such a hat.
Quiz questions
References
- 1. Butler P, Mitchell A, Healy JC. Applied Radiological Anatomy. Cambridge University Press. (2012) ISBN:0521766664. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Last's anatomy, regional and applied. Churchill Livingstone. ISBN:044304662X. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 3. Moore KL, Agur AMR, Dalley AF. Clinically oriented anatomy. LWW. ISBN:1451119453. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
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