Muscle injury

Last revised by Joshua Yap on 11 May 2024

Muscle injuries is a broad term encompassing many pathologies. They are common injuries in elite and amateur athletes as well as in the general population. 

Clinical presentation

Typically, muscle injuries present with pain and loss of function. Clinically, they can be graded as 1:

  • grade 1: no appreciable muscle tearing; <5% loss of function/strength

  • grade 2: damage to the musculotendinous junction (MTJ); reduced strength; some residual function

  • grade 3: complete tear of the musculotendinous junction; loss of function +/- a palpable gap

Pathology

Muscle injuries can consist of 1-3:

Classification

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