Myokymia refers to an involuntary undulating movement of muscle 1.
The term is employed in a number of clinical contexts 1-3:
eyelid myokymia: pathogenesis is not well understood
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extra-ocular muscle myokymia: pathogenesis is not well understood
inferior oblique myokymia (rare)
superior oblique myokymia
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facial myokymia: often caused by brainstem lesions peripheral to the facial nerve nucleus, but can less commonly occur with other pathologies affecting the facial nerve
should be distinguished from hemifacial spasm which involves entire muscles rather than individual fascicles, although the two conditions may co-exist
limb myokymia: classically occurring following radiation-induced nerve damage, but can less commonly occur with other peripheral nerve or spinal cord pathologies or injuries
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