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Myositis

Last revised by Yuranga Weerakkody on 9 Jul 2022

Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data

Citation:

Hacking C, Weerakkody Y, Bell D, et al. Myositis. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 18 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-81252

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-81252

Permalink:

https://radiopaedia.org/articles/81252

rID:

81252

Article created:

20 Aug 2020, Craig Hacking ◉ ◈

Disclosures:

At the time the article was created Craig Hacking had no recorded disclosures.

View Craig Hacking's current disclosures

Last revised:

9 Jul 2022, Yuranga Weerakkody ◉

Disclosures:

At the time the article was last revised Yuranga Weerakkody had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.

View Yuranga Weerakkody's current disclosures

Revisions:

8 times, by 4 contributors - see full revision history and disclosures

Systems:

Musculoskeletal

Synonyms:

Myositides

Myositis (plural: myositides) is the subset of myopathy characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscle.

Pathology

Etiology

Myositides can be generally categorized by etiology as follows ¹:

inflammatory myositis
infectious myositis ³
- bacterial myositis (pyomyositis)
- viral myositis
  - influenza myositis
  - coxsackievirus B virus-related pleurodynia (Bornholm disease)
  - virus-associated rhabdomyolysis
- parasitic myositis (a cause of eosinophilic myositis)
  - cysticercosis
  - trichinosis
- fungal myositis (rare)
drug-related myositis
- statin-related myositis
trauma or iatrogenic myositis
- myositis ossificans
- radiation-induced myositis ⁴

Radiographic features

MRI is the gold standard modality for non-invasive evaluation of myositis, which shows a classic edema signal pattern (high T2WI and STIR signal) in affected muscles. Inflamed muscles demonstrate contrast enhancement.

If chronic, T1WI will show high muscle signal indicating fat replacement and atrophy.

Quiz questions

References

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