Myxoid meningioma

Last revised by Frank Gaillard on 22 Nov 2021

Myxoid meningiomas are rare histological variants of meningiomas grouped into the subtype of metaplastic meningiomas. They are characterized by a marked myxoid transformation, containing endothelial cells, pericytes, and stromal cells. 

Although reported numbers are too small to confirm that this is definitely the case, they appear to share similar clinical presentation and treatment and prognosis as other meningiomas, and thus these features are not repeated here. 

Pathology

Metaplastic meningiomas are characterized by tumor cells sharing the characteristics of tissues from other parts of the body. Myxoid meningiomas cells have a stellate appearance, an oval nucleus, scant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and a characteristic nuclear pseudoinclusion (invagination of the cytoplasm into the nucleus) 2.

Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in the diagnosis of these tumors, differentiating them from a more aggressive tumor, such as chordoid meningioma, which also demonstrates a myxoid stroma. 

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