An os cuboideum secundarium is an accessory tarsal bone, located along the plantar aspect of the foot, adjacent to the calcaneocuboid joint, inferior to the posterior margin of the cuboid and anterior margin of the calcaneus.
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Epidemiology
It is one of the rarest accessory tarsal bones and its exact prevalence is unknown 1.
As of 2021, the modern medical literature reveals only three case reports 1,2,3.
Clinical presentation
This bone can be symptomatic and may present as a palpable, firm, and immobile mass in the plantar aspect of the foot 3.
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph and CT
- may present as a well-defined ossific structure measuring up to 20 mm in width and height and 30 mm in length 3.
- pressure remodeling with scalloping of the inferior margins of the cuboid and calcaneus
- may displace the abductor hallucis muscle medially and elevate the plantar fascia
History and etymology
This ossicle was first reported by Pfitzner in 1896 1.
Related pathology
- symptomatic os cuboideum secundarium
- regional pain syndrome
- fracture
- stress reaction
Differential diagnosis
This bone may present as a mass in MRI, and a plain radiograph should be performed to avoid misinterpretation 1.
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