Ossification centers of the foot
Last revised by Craig Hacking on 20 Oct 2020
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Abernethy P, Hacking C, Bedier H, et al. Ossification centers of the foot. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 04 Oct 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-40790
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rID:
40790
Article created:
4 Nov 2015,
Peter Abernethy
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Peter Abernethy had no recorded disclosures.
View Peter Abernethy's current disclosures
Last revised:
20 Oct 2020,
Craig Hacking ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Craig Hacking had no recorded disclosures.
View Craig Hacking's current disclosures
Revisions:
8 times, by
7 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
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Primary ossification centers present at birth
Visible on x-ray from birth:
- calcaneus: 6 months in utero
- talus: 7 months in utero
- cuboid: 9 months in utero
- metatarsals: 9 weeks in utero
- phalanges: 3-10 months (proximal to distal)
Primary ossification centers developing after birth
Become visible on x-ray from:
- lateral cuneiform: 1st year
- medial cuneiform: 3rd year
- intermediate cuneiforms and navicular: 4th year
Secondary ossification centers
At the age of 3 years, secondary ossification centers of the navicular, metatarsals and phalanges should all be present. The last secondary ossification center to develop is the calcaneus appearing at 5 years.
References
- 1. www.prohealthsys.com/anatomy/grays-anatomy/index-10/index-10-2/index-10/ossificationfoot/
- 2. Butler P, Mitchell A, Healy JC. Applied Radiological Anatomy. Cambridge University Press. (2012) ISBN:0521766664. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
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