Paranasal sinuses
Last revised by Raymond Chieng ◉ on 29 May 2023
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
St-Amant M, Chieng R, Hacking C, et al. Paranasal sinuses. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 03 Oct 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-25381
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25381
Article created:
22 Oct 2013, Maxime St-Amant
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Maxime St-Amant had no recorded disclosures.
View Maxime St-Amant's current disclosuresLast revised:
29 May 2023, Raymond Chieng ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Raymond Chieng had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Raymond Chieng's current disclosuresRevisions:
18 times, by 8 contributors - see full revision history and disclosures
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Synonyms:
- Paranasal sinus
The paranasal sinuses usually consist of four paired air-filled spaces. They have several functions of which reducing the weight of the head is the most important. Other functions are air humidification and aiding in voice resonance. They are named for the facial bones in which they are located:
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Variant anatomy
The paranasal sinuses are subject to marked variation between individuals and between sides in the same individual, regarding size (aeration) and bony septations.
total paranasal sinus agenesis - very rare 1
isolated frontal sinus agenesis - common
aerated crista galli
anterior clinoid process pneumatization
-
protrusion and/or dehiscence of
optic nerve
maxillary nerves
vidian nerves
-
pneumatization of
anterior clinoid processes
pterygoid processes
greater wing of sphenoid
sphenoid sinus septa attachment on the bony canal of the optic nerve
Radiographic features
MRI
Normal mucosa of the paranasal sinuses appear hypertinese on T2-weighted images 4.
Development
The maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses are the first to develop, followed by frontal and sphenoidal sinuses 3.
Quiz questions
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References
- 1. Korkmaz H & Korkmaz M. Total Aplasia of the Paranasal Sinuses. Allergy Rhinol (Providence). 2013;4(2):e105-9. doi:10.2500/ar.2013.4.0056 - Pubmed
- 2. Reddy U & Dev B. Pictorial Essay: Anatomical Variations of Paranasal Sinuses on Multidetector Computed Tomography-How Does It Help FESS Surgeons? Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2012;22(4):317-24. doi:10.4103/0971-3026.111486 - Pubmed
- 3. Courey M & Pletcher S. Upper Airway Disorders. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 2016;:877-896.e5. doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-3383-5.00049-x
- 4. Stephanie Ryan, Michelle McNicholas, Stephen J. Eustace. Anatomy for Diagnostic Imaging. (2011) ISBN: 9780702029714 - Google Books
Related articles: Anatomy: Head and neck
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cranial vault
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sutures
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facial bones
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orbicularis oris muscle
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orbicularis oris muscle
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arterial supply
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common carotid artery
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common carotid artery
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arterial supply
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cranial nerves
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- optic nerve (CN II)
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trigeminal nerve (CN V) (mnemonic)
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vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
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cervical plexus
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ansa cervicalis
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