Perirenal lymphocele

Last revised by Mohamed Saber on 22 Apr 2021

Perirenal lymphoceles are the most common cause of perinephric fluid collection. They can potentially occur in a post-transplant situation in up to 25% of cases.

Perirenal lymphocele is usually asymptomatic but they can be large enough to cause hydronephrosis or venous obstruction and lower limb edema. 

Perirenal lymphocele is the most common cause of perinephric fluid collection post-transplant and can happen any times from weeks to months after the transplant. Still, it most likely occurs in the first month or two months after the operation. It is mostly due to inadequate ligation of iliac lymphatics during the surgery results in lymphatic leakage 6

Often seen as a round, hypoattenuating collection similar to a seroma. Calcification may be rarely seen 5

Options include percutaneous drainage and open surgery.

Perirenal lymphocele can compress adjacent structures and cause hydronephrosis.

Imaging differential considerations include:

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