Physis

Changed by Pamela Mayhew, 3 Apr 2016

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The physis (pl. physes) or growth plates are found in bones that undergo endochondral ossification.

Radiographic features

The physis isappears as a radiolucent line in skeletally-immature patients located between the metaphysis and epiphysis ~~in skeletally-immature patients and~~. It contains zones of mesenchymal cells in various maturation stages (see physeal anatomy illustration).

As the metaphysis and epiphysis mature and fuse, the physis thins, disappears, and enchondral ossification ceases. A subchondral bone plate forms with horizontally ~~oriented~~-oriented trabeculae which appears as a radiopaque transverse fusion line (physeal scar)~~. This line should not be mistaken for a stress fracture~~.

Pathology

Congenital

osteochondrodysplasia

Trauma

Salter Harris fractures

Metabolic

rickets - failure of calcification, leads to accumulation of cells in the hypertropic cell zone (maturation zone)
growth recovery lines
hypophasphatasia

History and etymology

From the Greek word phýsis for nature and phŷlon meaning race ¹.

Differential diagnosis

stress fracture

-<p>The <strong>physis</strong> (pl. physes) or <strong>growth plates</strong> are found in bones that undergo <a href="/articles/endochondral-ossification">endochondral ossification</a>. </p><p>The physis is located between the <a href="/articles/metaphysis">metaphysis</a> and <a href="/articles/epiphysis">epiphysis</a> in skeletally-immature patients and contains zones of mesenchymal cells in various maturation stages (see physeal anatomy illustration). </p><p>As the <a href="/articles/metaphysis">metaphysis</a> and <a href="/articles/epiphysis">epiphysis</a> mature and fuse, the physis thins, disappears, and enchondral ossification ceases. A subchondral bone plate forms with horizontally oriented trabeculae which appears as a radiopaque transverse fusion line (<a href="/articles/physeal-scar">physeal scar</a>). This line should not be mistaken for a stress fracture.</p><h4><strong>Pathology</strong></h4><h5>Congenital</h5><ul><li><a href="/articles/osteochondrodysplasia">osteochondrodysplasia</a></li></ul><h5>Trauma</h5><ul><li>
+<p>The <strong>physis</strong> (pl. physes) or <strong>growth plates</strong> are found in bones that undergo <a href="/articles/endochondral-ossification">endochondral ossification</a>. </p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>The physis appears as a radiolucent line in skeletally-immature patients located between the <a href="/articles/metaphysis">metaphysis</a> and <a href="/articles/epiphysis">epiphysis</a>. It contains zones of mesenchymal cells in various maturation stages (see physeal anatomy illustration). </p><p>As the <a href="/articles/metaphysis">metaphysis</a> and <a href="/articles/epiphysis">epiphysis</a> mature and fuse, the physis thins, disappears, and <a href="/articles/enchondral-ossification">enchondral ossification</a> ceases. A subchondral bone plate forms with horizontally-oriented trabeculae which appears as a radiopaque transverse fusion line (<a href="/articles/physeal-scar">physeal scar</a>).</p><h4><strong>Pathology</strong></h4><h5>Congenital</h5><ul><li><a href="/articles/osteochondrodysplasia">osteochondrodysplasia</a></li></ul><h5>Trauma</h5><ul><li>
+</ul><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>From the Greek word phýsis for nature and phŷlon meaning race <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/stress-fractures">stress fracture</a></li></ul><h4>See also</h4><ul>
+<li><a href="/articles/diaphysis">diaphysis</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/metaphysis">metaphysis</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/epiphysis">epiphysis</a></li>

References changed:

2. Resnick D, Kransdorf M. Bone and joint imaging. Saunders. ISBN:0721602703. <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0721602703">Read it at Google Books</a> - <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0721602703">Find it at Amazon</a><span class="auto"></span>

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