Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Campos A, Ranchod A, et al. Plantar calcaneal spur. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 08 Oct 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-18859
Plantar calcaneal spurs, or sometimes simply referred to as calcaneal spurs, are a commonly seen finding in radiology practice.
Plantar calcaneal spurs tend to usually occur in older men and women and may be related to obesity, osteoarthritis and current or previous heel pain.
Plantar calcaneal spurs are thought to be a result of enthesophytic changes involving the origin of the plantar aponeurosis 5. Their exact pathophysiology is not well understood but many theories have been proposed 2-4.
Very rarely, plantar calcaneal spurs can fracture 10.
Associations
Classically seen on plain radiographs, CT and MRI as a bony spur on the sagittal image projecting inferomedially from the calcaneus.
History and etymology
Osseous spurring of the plantar aspect of the calcaneus was first documented in 1900 by the German physician P Plettner, who coined the term Kalkaneussporn (calcaneal spur) 7.
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1. Chundru U, Liebeskind A, Seidelmann F, Fogel J, Franklin P, Beltran J. Plantar Fasciitis and Calcaneal Spur Formation Are Associated with Abductor Digiti Minimi Atrophy on MRI of the Foot. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(6):505-10. doi:10.1007/s00256-008-0455-2 - Pubmed
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2. Menz H, Zammit G, Landorf K, Munteanu S. Plantar Calcaneal Spurs in Older People: Longitudinal Traction or Vertical Compression? J Foot Ankle Res. 2008;1(1):7. doi:10.1186/1757-1146-1-7 - Pubmed
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3. Weiss E. Calcaneal Spurs: Examining Etiology Using Prehistoric Skeletal Remains to Understand Present Day Heel Pain. Foot (Edinb). 2012;22(3):125-9. doi:10.1016/j.foot.2012.04.003 - Pubmed
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4. Kumai T & Benjamin M. Heel Spur Formation and the Subcalcaneal Enthesis of the Plantar Fascia. J Rheumatol. 2002;29(9):1957-64. - Pubmed
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5. Felix S. Chew. Skeletal Radiology. (2010) ISBN: 9781608317066 - Google Books
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6. Narváez J, Narváez J, Ortega R, Aguilera C, Sánchez A, Andía E. Painful Heel: MR Imaging Findings. Radiographics. 2000;20(2):333-52. doi:10.1148/radiographics.20.2.g00mc09333 - Pubmed
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7. Plettner P. Exostosen des Fersenbeins. Jahresbericht der Gesellschaft für Natur und Heilkunde in Dresden; 1900.
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8. Anne C. Brower, Donald J. Flemming. Arthritis in Black and White. (2012) ISBN: 9781416055952 - Google Books
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9. Gladman DD, Abufayyah M, Abuffayah M et-al. Radiological characteristics of the calcaneal spurs in psoriatic arthritis. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 2014;32 (3): 401-3. Pubmed citation
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10. Mehmet Arican, Yalcin Turhan, Zekerya Okan Karaduman. A Rare Cause of Heel Pain: A Calcaneal Spur Fracture. (2019) Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 109 (2): 172-173. doi:10.7547/17-111 - Pubmed
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