The Robinson classification of clavicle fractures, as well as the AO/OTA and Neer classification systems, is a frequently used classification system for assessing clavicular fractures.
The Robinson classification is based on a review of a thousand patients and was developed to provide a guide to both treatment and prognosis, thus making it a clinically useful system.
Classification
The Robinson classification system accounts for three characteristics of the fractures.
- location of the fracture
- displacement/angulation
- articular involvement/fragmentation.
These characteristics help select treatment and predict prognosis.
Type 1
Medial fifth of the clavicle
- type 1A1: medial fifth undisplaced extra-articular fracture
- type 1A2: medial fifth undisplaced intra-articular fracture
- type 1B1: medial fifth displaced extra-articular fracture
- type 1B2: medial fifth displaced intra-articular fracture
Type 2
Intermediate three-fifths of the clavicle diaphysis
- type 2A1: intermediate three-fifths undisplaced fracture
- type 2A2: intermediate three-fifths angulated fracture
- type 2B1: intermediate three-fifths displaced simple or butterfly fracture
- type 2B2: intermediate three-fifths displaced segmental or comminuted fracture
Type 3
Lateral fifth of the clavicle
- type 3A1: lateral fifth undisplaced extra-articular fracture
- type 3A2: lateral fifth undisplaced intra-articular fracture
- type 3B1: lateral fifth displaced extra-articular fracture
- type 3B2: lateral fifth displaced intra-articular fracture
History and etymology
Christopher Robinson (fl. 2022), is a Scottish orthopedic surgeon, who published his proposed classification system in 1998 following prospective review of clinical and radiographic findings of 1,000 consecutive patients with clavicular fractures presenting 1988-1994 2.
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