S100

Last revised by Daniel J Bell on 16 Feb 2024

S100 is a family of cytoplasmic calcium-binding proteins expressed in numerous cell lines which can be targeted by immunohistochemistry. Staining for S100 is helpful in characterising a number of tumours, including malignant melanoma, glial tumours, neurogenic tumours (e.g. schwannomas and neurofibromas), mesenchymal tumours (e.g. chondromas, chondrosarcomas, liposarcomas, some osteogenic sarcomas) and some histiocytic tumours 1,2

History and etymology

S100 is a contracture of "100% soluble" in ammonium sulfate at neutral pH 3.

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