Saber shin deformity, also known as saber tibia deformity, refers to cortical thickening and trabecular enlargement of the tibia leading to anterior or lateral bowing that resembles a saber, a heavy sword with a wide and curved blade, used in the past by soldiers.
In pediatrics, the finding caused by periostitis with anterior bowing could be suggestive of congenital syphilis 1. In acquired syphilis, tibial malformation from periostitis occurs but is less pronounced 2. Tibial involvement with rickets may also cause a similar appearance 3.
In adults, the condition, often with lateral bowing, indicates Paget disease 3,4.
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