Scaphocephaly (also known as dolichocephaly) is the most common form of craniosynostosis, where premature closure of the sagittal suture results in an impediment to the lateral growth of the skull while anteroposterior growth continues, producing a classic elongated, yet narrow, skull.
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Epidemiology
Scaphocephaly accounts for approximately 50% of all cases of craniosynostosis and has a male predilection with an M:F ratio of 3:1.
Associations
Pathology
Scaphocephaly, results from premature closure of the sagittal suture, so that lateral growth of the skull is prevented whilst anteroposterior growth continues, producing a narrow and elongated cranium.
Etiology
- primary
- secondary
- hematologic disorders
- metabolic disorders
- bone dysplasias
- syndromes
Treatment and prognosis
Treatment is often with a cranioplasty. In contrast to other craniosynostoses, there is near normal IQ and no hydrocephalus.
History and etymology
The term is derived from the Ancient Greek words "skaphe" meaning a light boat and "kephale" meaning head and describes an elongated head resembling an inverted boat.
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