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Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament

The distal posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL) is a strong ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis. Gross anatomy The posterior tibiofibular ligament is formed of multiple collagen bundles with interposed fatty tissue and courses obliquely downward from the posterior distal tibia...

Septate gallbladder

Septate gallbladder is a congenital variant where there may be a single septum or multiple septa in the gallbladder splitting its lumen into several parts. There may be communication between the separated parts of gallbladder through small pores. The condition is mostly asymptomatic and incident...

Anterolateral recess of the ankle joint

The anterolateral recess of the ankle joint also known as the anterolateral gutter is a triangular or pyramidal formed topographical space of the anterolateral aspect of the ankle 1-4. Gross anatomy The space may contain joint fluid in asymptomatic individuals and is defined by the following a...

Coracoacromial arch

Coracoacromial arch is a term for different bony and ligamentous structures, which form the superior border supraspinatus outlet 1-4. Gross anatomy It comprises the following anatomical structures from anterior to posterior 1: coracoid process coracoacromial ligament acromioclavicular joint...

Meniscotibial ligaments

The meniscotibial ligaments, also known as coronary ligaments, attach the knee menisci to the tibial plateau 1-6 and have a role in rotatory knee stability and anterior tibial translation 7-10. Gross anatomy The meniscotibial ligaments attach the menisci to the tibial condyles at various locat...

Letter joints

The letter joints are those articulations that are commonly known by their initialisms, these are: ACJ: acromioclavicular joint SIJ: sacroiliac joint TMJ: temporomandibular joint This sobriquet was coined by Clyde Helms, an American musculoskeletal radiologist 1. The letter joints together w...

Lamina cribrosa sclerae

The lamina cribrosa sclerae, also known as lamina cribrosa of the sclera, is a net-like structure covering a small hole in the posterior sclera through which the optic nerve (cranial nerve II), central retinal artery and central retinal vein pass.

Lamina cribrosa (disambiguation)

The lamina cribrosa (rare plural: laminae cribrosae) is an anatomical term that is commonly used for two different structures in the head and neck region: lamina cribrosa of the ethmoid bone lamina cribrosa of the sclera Also note that the macula cribrosa of the vestibule of the inner ear has...

Central retinal vein

The central retinal vein (CRV) or central vein of the retina, and sometimes shortened to the retinal vein, is the venous counterpart of the central retinal artery. Gross anatomy Each quadrant of the retina is drained by multiple minor retinal veins which coalesce to form a main retinal vein. T...

Arcade of Struthers

The arcade of Struthers is a thin fibrous aponeurotic band extending from medial head of triceps to medial intermuscular septum situated approximately 6-10 cm proximal to medial epicondyle of the humerus. In most cases this structure is due to a thickening of brachial fascia 3. NB: This struct...

Germinal matrix

The germinal matrix is an embryological structure in the fetal brain which is only seen in the fetus and in premature neonates. It is the most vulnerable area of the fetal brain and associated pathology carries significant mortality and morbidity. Gross anatomy The germinal matrix is usually...

Cochlear cleft

The cochlear cleft is a curvilinear radiolucent area of incomplete endochondral ossification in the otic capsule adjacent to the cochlea. It is a variant most prominent in children that may also be visible in adults 1. Gross anatomy The cochlear cleft is a C-shaped structure in the otic capsul...

Pericallosal cistern

The pericallosal cistern is an unpaired subarachnoid cistern containing the pericallosal artery. It lies between the superior surface of the corpus callosum and the inferior edge of the falx cerebri and extends from the genu to the splenium of the corpus callosum 1-3.

Enteric nervous system

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a general term that refers to the vast network of neurons that supply the gastrointestinal system. It is part of the autonomic nervous system and allows the gastrointestinal system to act independently from the brain and spinal cord.

Myenteric plexus

The myenteric plexus (also known as the Auerbach plexus) (plural: plexuses) refers to a network of nerves between the layers of the muscular propria in the gastrointestinal system. Among other things, the plexus helps regulate peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract. The plexus is part of the...

Cancellous bone

Cancellous, trabecular or spongy bone is one of the two macroscopic forms of bone, the other being cortical bone, and comprises 20% of skeletal mass. Gross anatomy Cancellous bone is located in the medullary cavity of bone, in particular tubular and short bones, and consists of dense trabecul...

Anterior tibiotalar ligament

The anterior tibiotalar ligament (ATTL) is the weaker of the deep components of the deltoid ligament 1,2. Gross anatomy The anterior tibiotalar ligament is covered by the tibionavicular and tibiospring ligaments. It is a short and thin ligament that connects the medial tibial malleolus to the ...

Deep posterior tibiotalar ligament

The deep posterior tibiotalar ligament (DPTTL) is one of the two deep components and the strongest part of the deltoid ligament 1,2. Gross anatomy The deep posterior tibiotalar ligament is covered by the superficial posterior tibiotalar and tibiocalcaneal ligaments. It is a broad and thick lig...

Superficial posterior tibiotalar ligament

The superficial posterior tibiotalar ligament (SPTTL) is the most posteriorly located superficial component of the four superficial components of the deltoid ligament 1-3. Gross anatomy The superficial posterior tibiotalar ligament is located superficial to the deep posterior tibiotalar ligame...

Tibionavicular ligament

The tibionavicular ligament is the most anterior of the four superficial components of the deltoid ligament 1-3. Gross anatomy The tibionavicular ligament is located superficial to the deep anterior ligament, and the trochlea of the talus, and runs in a fan-like fashion to the navicular bone 1...

Tibiocalcaneal ligament

The tibiocalcaneal ligament belongs to the medial supporting structures of the ankle and is one of the four superficial components of the deltoid ligament 1-3. Gross anatomy The tibiocalcaneal ligament is located superficial to the deep posterior tibiotalar ligament, posterior to the tibiospri...

Tibiospring ligament

The tibiospring ligament belongs to the medial supporting structures of the ankle and is considered to be one of the four superficial components of the deltoid ligament 1. Gross anatomy It is located superficial to the deep anterior tibiotalar ligament, anterior to the tibiocalcaneal ligament ...

Anterior suprapatellar fat pad

The anterior suprapatellar fat pad, also known as the quadriceps fat pad, is one of the anterior knee fat pads. It is triangular-shaped, lies superior to the patella, posterior to the quadriceps tendon and anterior to the suprapatellar bursa and separates the knee joint capsule from the synovium...

Pulvinar (disambiguation)

Pulvinar may refer to: pulvinar thalamic nuclei (classically involved in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, see pulvinar sign) Haversian fat pad of the hip (which covers the central non-articular part of the acetabulum)

Fontanelle

Fontanelles are the soft membraneous regions of the fetus and neonate calvarium where the corners of three or four developing flat bones meet and allow for the growth over the skull over the developing brain. There are two main, palpable fontanelles in the midline: anterior fontanelle, the lar...

Vestibular ganglion

The vestibular or Scarpa's ganglion is the ganglion of the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve. It contains the bipolar cell bodies 5 of the vestibular nerve as the superior and inferior vestibular branches unite and is located within the nerve as it passes through the lateral aspec...

Anomalous insertion of the medial meniscus

Anomalous insertion of the medial meniscus (AIMM) is an anatomical variation of the insertion of the anterior root of the medial meniscus. Terminology Defined as a congenital variation in the insertion of the anterior root of the medial meniscus onto the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The...

Inferior petro-occipital vein

The inferior petro-occipital vein is located immediately inferior to the petro-occipital suture and provides a communication between the internal carotid artery venous plexus of Rektorzik, or less commonly the cavernous sinus, anteromedially and the jugular bulb, or less commonly the inferior pe...

Popliteofibular ligament

The popliteofibular ligament (PFL) belongs to the lateral supporting structures of the knee and is one of the three primary stabilizers of the posterolateral corner 1-6. Gross anatomy It is a flattened, thick, and fan-shaped structure of the width of the popliteus muscle and two divisions 1. I...

Anterior condylar confluence

The anterior condylar confluence is an extracranial venous structure at the base of skull that communicates extensively with regional veins and dural venous sinuses. It is located immediately anterior to the hypoglossal canal and medial to the jugular vein, just inferior to the jugular bulb an...

Internal carotid artery venous plexus of Rektorzik

Internal carotid artery venous plexus of Rektorzik (also known as the petro-occipital venous plexus) is a plexus of small veins that surrounds the petrous segment internal carotid artery proximal to the cavernous sinus as it passes through the base of skull. It is believed that the plexus serv...

Lateral ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow

The lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) of the elbow is a primary stabilizer of the elbow joint to varus and external rotatory stress 1-6. Gross anatomy It is a part of the lateral (radial) collateral ligament complex and located at the posterolateral aspects of the elbow joint. It takes ...

Branchial apparatus

The branchial (or pharyngeal) apparatus is the complex region in the developing embryo between the head and chest that develops in the fourth week and provides bilateral ridges and valleys that subsequently develop into numerous anatomic structures of the head, face, palate and anterior neck. Th...

Functional neuroanatomy

Functional neuroanatomy is the study of the functional connections in the brain and spinal cord, distinct but interconnected with the structural or "more conventional" anatomic descriptions of the central nervous system. It focuses on the relationship between structure and function and hence it ...

Spring ligament recess

The spring ligament recess is a collection of fluid that extends from the talocalcaneonavicular joint sitting between the medioplantar oblique and inferoplantar longitudinal sections of the spring ligament complex. Radiographic appearance MRI The spring ligament recess is an important featur...

Marginal sinus (foramen magnum)

The marginal sinus is a dural venous sinus and runs along the inner margin of foramen magnum. It has numerous communications with regional venous structures 1-2: anteriorly: basilar venous plexus posteriorly: occipital sinus laterally sigmoid sinus veins of the hypoglossal canal inferiorl...

Clival diploic veins

Clival diploic veins are veins that travel through the body of the clivus connecting intracranial venous structures on the inner surface of the skull (e.g. basilar venous plexus, inferior petrosal sinuses, marginal sinus, internal carotid artery venous plexus of Rektorzik, inferior petro-occipit...

Porus trigeminus

The porus trigeminus is the dural foramen at the entrance of the Meckel cave. Gross anatomy The porus trigeminus is the dural foramen at the trigeminal depression of the petrous apex through which the trigeminal nerve passes as it extends from the prepontine cistern of the posterior cranial fo...

Prefemoral fat pad

The prefemoral fat pad, also called the posterior suprapatellar fat pad or supratrochlear fat pad, is a normal collection of adipose tissue anterior to the femur. It is one of the three main anterior fat pads of the knee, along with the infrapatellar and quadriceps fat pads. Gross anatomy Boun...

Twig-like middle cerebral artery

Twig-like middle cerebral artery or rete mirabile anomaly describes a discontinuity of a single trunk of the middle cerebral artery with several small vessels reconstituting the artery and giving it a twig-like appearance. Distally, normal vascular anatomy of the MCA branches need to be present ...

Meningo-ophthalmic artery

The meningo-ophthalmic artery is a variant arterial anatomy in which the entire supply to the ophthalmic artery derives from the middle meningeal artery. This variation represents one extreme of a spectrum of the persistence of the embryologic stapedial artery. Gross anatomy The meningo-ophtha...

Ice cream cone sign (middle ear ossicles)

The ice cream cone sign describes the normal appearance of the middle ear ossicles on axial CT scan. The ball of the ice cream is formed by the head of the malleus and cone is formed by the body of the incus, with the tapering conical point formed by the short process pointing towards the aditus...

Motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

The motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is the only motor nucleus of the four main trigeminal nerve nuclei. Gross anatomy The motor nucleus is a paired structure located within the mid-to-upper pons (tegmentum). It lies anteromedial to the main sensory nucleus and adjacent to the lateral asp...

Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

The spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is one of three major nuclei that make up the trigeminal sensory nerve nuclear complex along with the main sensory nucleus and the mesencephalic nucleus 1-2. Gross anatomy The spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is a paired structure and is an infe...

Mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

The mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is one of three major nuclei that make up the trigeminal sensory nerve nuclear complex along with the main sensory nucleus and the spinal nucleus 1-2. Gross anatomy The mesencephalic nucleus is a paired structure located at the mesopontine junc...

Main sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

The main or chief sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is one of three major nuclei that make up the trigeminal sensory nerve nuclear complex along with the mesencephalic nucleus and the spinal nucleus 1-2. It also receives fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve. Some older texts refer to it...

Pubococcygeal line

The pubococcygeal line (PCL) is a reference line for the pelvic floor on imaging studies and helps detect and grade pelvic floor prolapse in defecography studies. It is defined as a line that connects the inferior border of the symphysis pubis (anterior margin) to the final coccygeal joint (post...

Stability of the eye

The stability of the eye refers to the geometrical center of the eyeball being maintained in a fixed position throughout all eye movements. In other words, eye movements are always rotational about a fixed center. This degree of stability is achieved by several structures that form the 'supporti...

Petrosphenoidal ligament

The petrosphenoidal ligament, also known as Gruber ligament or petroclival ligament, forms the superior border of Dorello canal, the conduit for the abducens nerve. Terminology The ligament has previously been known as the petroclinoid ligament (ligamentum petroclinoideum) but it actually does...

Footprint of the rotator cuff

The footprint of the rotator cuff is the insertional anatomy and the common tendon of the rotator cuff. It is an integral part of the stability of the glenohumeral joint. Gross anatomy The rotator cuff footprint involves the convergence of the four rotator cuff tendons, which form a multi-laye...

Oblique popliteal ligament

The oblique popliteal ligament (OPL) is a large ligamentous structure of the posterior knee and one of the five components of the posteromedial corner (PMC). It mainly prevents hyperextension in the knee 1-3 and in addition, it is thought to prevent excessive external rotation 1. Gross anatomy ...

Nucleus ambiguus

The nucleus ambiguus is a large longitudinal nucleus within the medulla oblongata that provides motor innervation to muscles of the pharynx, larynx and soft palate in addition to housing preganglionic nuclei involved in the parasympathetic nervous system augmentation of heart rate 1,2. Gross an...

Buccopharyngeal fascia

The buccopharyngeal fascia is the component of the middle layer of the deep cervical fascia that invests the outside of the pharyngeal constrictors and buccinator muscles. Terminology The term has been variably used to refer to the entire visceral component of the middle layer of the deep cerv...

Cistern of the lamina terminalis

The cistern of the lamina terminalis is one of the unpaired CSF-filled subarachnoid cisterns. Gross anatomy The cistern of lamina terminalis lies anterior to the anterior wall of the 3rd ventricle in the midline and appears like a high-top tent with a diamond-shaped floor1. It acts as a connec...

Left inframesocolic space

The left inframesocolic space is a component of the inframesocolic space bounded superiorly by the attachment of the transverse mesocolon, to the left by the mesentery of the descending colon, to the right border by the root of the small bowel mesentery. It is quadrilateral in shape and is large...

Right inframesocolic space

The right inframesocolic space is a component of the inframesocolic space bounded by the transverse colon anterosuperiorly, the mesentery of the ascending colon on the right, the root of the small bowel mesentery on the left and the apex lying inferiorly at the ileocecal junction. It is smaller ...

Left paracolic gutter

The left paracolic gutter is a component of the left inframesocolic space partially separated from the left subphrenic spaces by the phrenicocolic ligament. It is smaller than the right paracolic gutter. Both paracolic spaces are in continuity with the pelvic peritoneal spaces.

Right paracolic gutter

The right paracolic gutter is a component of the right inframesocolic space continuous superiorly with the right subhepatic and right subphrenic spaces. It is larger than the left paracolic gutter, which is partially separated from the left subphrenic spaces by the phrenicocolic ligament. Both p...

Basle Nomina Anatomica

The Basle Nomina Anatomica (BNA) (a.k.a. Basiliensia Nomina Anatomica) is one of several anatomical nomenclature standards no longer in use 1-3. The Basle Nomina Anatomica was published in 1895 in Switzerland 1, but not adopted without controversy or uniformly even in neighboring countries 2. Th...

Interpeduncular angle

The interpeduncular angle is defined as the angle formed by the posterior half of the cerebral peduncles on axial images. The interpeduncular angle has been proposed as a sensitive and specific measure of intracranial hypotension (reduced) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (increased)1,2....

Vertebral artery hypoplasia

Vertebral artery hypoplasia is a congenital anatomical variation characterized by underdevelopment of the vertebral artery. Epidemiology The prevalence of hypoplastic vertebral arteries is reported to be 2-6% from autopsy and angiograms 1. Clinical presentation These are an asymptomatic anat...

Medial patellofemoral ligament

The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) belongs to the anterior medial supporting structures of the knee 1-3 and it is the main structure, preventing the patella from lateral displacement at 50-60% restraining force 1,7-9. It is one of the medial patellar stabilizers together with the medial r...

Posterior oblique ligament of the knee

The posterior oblique ligament (POL) belongs to the medial supporting structures of the knee and is one of the five components of the posteromedial corner (PMC) of the knee. Gross anatomy It is located posterior to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and is composed of the intermediate and de...

Colic branch of the ileocolic artery

The colic branch of the ileocolic artery supplies blood to the ascending colon. It courses superiorly along the left side of the ascending colon before anastomosing with the descending branch of the right colic artery to supply blood to the cecum and proximal ascending colon 1,2.

Anatomical nomenclature

The correct usage of anatomical nomenclature is fundamental to good radiological, and more generally clinical medical, practice. Since 1998, the Terminologia Anatomica (TA) has set the global standard for what constitutes correct anatomical terminology; its second edition was published in 2019 1...

Bicipital groove

The bicipital groove (also known as the intertubercular sulcus or sulcus intertubercularis) is the indentation between the greater and lesser tuberosities of the humerus that lodges the biceps tendon. Gross anatomy The bicipital groove is typically 4-6 mm deep 1. It contains the tendon of the ...

Gluteus quartus muscle

The gluteus quartus muscle, also known as gluteus scansorius, is an accessory muscle of the gluteal muscle group. It lies anterior to the gluteus minimus muscle 1-3. In the small published literature that exists, the origins of this accessory muscle have usually been the anterior superior or an...

Coalition

A coalition is a joining of two bones that are normally discrete 1. It is usually a congenital abnormality. The bridge between the bones is initially fibrous, then gradually becomes cartilaginous, finally ossifying. Symptoms tend to arise as the coalition forms a synostosis, which is usually fro...

High division of the brachial artery

A high division of the brachial artery is an unusually proximal bifurcation of the brachial artery into its ulnar and radial branches in the upper arm. It is an anatomical variant of the arterial branching pattern of the upper limb. Description In general, the brachial artery bifurcates into...

Perforators of the leg and calf (venae perforantes cruris)

The perforators of the leg (venae perforantes cruris; PV; or “perforating veins”) are a subset of, and not to be confused with, the larger overarching group of perforating veins of the lower limb. This group of veins connects the superficial venous systems and deep veins in the calf and are div...

Perforating veins of the lower limb

The perforating veins of the lower limb (PV or “perforators”) are so called because they perforate the deep fascia of muscles, to connect the superficial venous systems of the lower extremity with the deep veins where they drain. There are numerous veins in variable arrangement, connection, size...

Venous drainage of the lower limb

The anatomy of the venous drainage of the lower limbs is extremely variable. However, there is order in the variability. The veins of the lower extremities are arranged in three systems: the superficial, the deep, and the perforating venous systems. These are located in two main compartments: th...

Inferior cavoatrial junction

The inferior cavoatrial junction (ICAJ) is the term given to the point at which the inferior vena cava (IVC) enters the right atrium. It is less commonly used/seen, in contradistinction to the superior cavoatrial junction. Accurate localization of the inferior cavoatrial junction is of practic...

Interchondral joints

The interchondral joints are small articulations between the apposed costal cartilages of the ribs 7-10. On each side are three diminutive synovial joints between the surfaces of the 6th and 7th costal cartilages, 7th and 8th costal cartilages and 8th and 9th costal cartilages. The 9th and 10th...

Subclavian trunk

The subclavian trunks are small short paired lymphatic trunks, each one draining its respective upper limb, and formed from efferent lymphatics draining from the apical (subclavicular) subgroup of the axillary nodes. In turn the subclavian trunks pass through the cervicoaxillary canal and drain...

Jugular trunk

The jugular trunks (TA: truncus jugularis) are small short paired lymphatic trunks, each one draining one side of the head and neck, forming an important terminal part of the lymphatic system 1-3. Gross anatomy Location the left and right jugular trunks are found in the root of the neck Orig...

Low lying peroneus brevis muscle belly

Low lying peroneus brevis muscle belly (LLPB) is a rare congenital anomaly that makes the tendon more prone to tendon tear and subluxation 1,2. This condition is defined by the extension of the muscle belly to the level of the fibular groove. Differential diagnosis Peroneus quartus muscle - as...

Lymphatic system

The lymphatic system (also known as the lymphoid system or systema lymphoideum in Terminologia Anatomica) is the collective term given to the lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissues in the body 1,4. Terminology Occasionally the lymphatic system is considered with the reticuloendothelial system ...

High-riding brachiocephalic artery

A high-riding brachiocephalic artery is a rare variant of the neck vessels in which the brachiocephalic artery passes much more superiorly than normally. It is a clinically important variant, as mistaking it for a neck lump and sampling it or neck surgery in the region may cause a devastating he...

Lymphoid organ

The lymphoid organs represent sites in the body in which lymphocytes are concentrated. They are divided into primary and secondary lymphoid organs 1. Primary Primary lymphoid organs are responsible for the generation of new lymphocytes: bone marrow thymus Secondary Secondary (a.k.a. periph...

Lymph nodes

The lymph nodes (commonly shortened to nodes, and known as nodus lymphoideus in TA 4) collectively form one of the secondary lymphoid organs. Gross anatomy Macroscopically, a normal lymph node is a small ellipsoid structure, approximately 0.1 to 2.5 cm in maximal length 2,3. Nodes often posses...

Interpectoral lymph node

Interpectoral lymph nodes, also known as Rotter lymph nodes, are located in the interpectoral fascia in Rotter space, between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles. Their number varies from one to four. They are usually considered to be a separate nodal group from the level I and II ...

Tegmen

The tegmen is the thin osseous plate that separates the middle cranial fossa from the tympanic and mastoid cavities of the temporal bone. It is comprised of two or three parts 1,2: tegmen tympani (roof of the tympanic cavity) tegmen mastoideum (roof of the mastoid cavity) tegmen antri (roof o...

Acetabular fossa

The acetabular fossa, also known as the cotyloid fossa, is the central aspect of the medial wall of the acetabulum that hosts the ligamentum teres and the fibrofatty pulvinar. It is the nonarticular portion inside the U-shaped labrum that extends to the acetabular notch 1. The acetabular fossa i...

Lateral tentorial artery

The lateral tentorial artery also known as lateral tentorial arcade, is a branch of the meningohypophyseal trunk (MHT) which arises from the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery. The lateral tentorial artery runs along the lateral edge of the tentorium cerebelli. Radiographic appear...

Orbicularis oris muscle

The orbicularis oris muscle, also known as the orbicular muscle of the mouth, (TA: musculus orbicularis oris) is one of the facial muscles and its primary action is as the sphincter of the mouth. Gross anatomy Orbicularis oris muscle comprises both of its own fibers and those lent from the di...

Ampulla (disambiguation)

Ampulla (plural: ampullae) is an anatomical term used for tubular structures with a short segmental bulbous dilatation: ampulla (fallopian tube) ampulla (lacrimal system) ampulla (esophagus): a.k.a. phrenic ampulla ampulla (rectum) ampulla (semicircular ducts) ampulla (spleen) ampulla of ...

Levator glandulae thyroideae muscle

The levator glandulae thyroideae muscle (a.k.a. musculus levator glandulae thyroideae or levator glandulae thyroideae of Soemmerring) is an anatomic variant, consisting of a band of fibrous/fibromuscular tissue, connecting the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid to the hyoid bone. When muscle fibers a...

Tympanomastoid fissure

The tympanomastoid fissure is one of the intrinsic fissures of the temporal bone, located parallel and posterior to the bony external auditory canal, dividing the tympanic part of the temporal bone and mastoid process. Its radiological significance is as a fracture mimic (pseudofracture) 1. Its ...

Planum sphenoidale

The planum sphenoidale is a common term for the anterior horizontal part of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid bone. It is known in the Terminologia Anatomica (2019) as the jugum sphenoideum or sphenoidal yoke 1. Gross anatomy It forms part of the anterior skull base, separating ...

Clitoris

The clitoris (plural: clitorides), the female homologue of the penis, and part of the female reproductive system, is situated at the anterior aspect of the labia minora. The clitoris, like the penis, is formed of a body and glans, formed respectively from the crura of the clitoris and the bulbs ...

Radial beak

The radial beak, also known as an epiphyseal spur, is a benign anatomical osseous variation of the distal radius. Radiographic appearance The radial beak manifest as a bony protrusion at the lateral aspect of the distal radius along the line of the fused/closing growth plate 1. It is typically...

Crus (disambiguation)

A crus (plural: crura) is an anatomical term used for a structure which resembles a leg. crus (auricle) crus (cerebrum) crus (clitoris) crus (diaphragm) crus (fornix) crus (heart) crus (incus) crus (internal capsule) crus (nose) crus (penis) crus (semicircular duct) crus (stapes) cr...

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