Sideroblastic anemia

Sideroblastic anemia (also known as sideroachrestic anemia) is a rare cause of anemia characterized by the presence of ring sideroblasts rather than normal red blood cells in the bloodstream. Sideroblastic anemia is either congenital or acquired.

Clinical presentation

Symptoms and signs reflect anemia, i.e. lethargy, breathlessness, and skin pallor.

Pathology

Etiology

Congenital

• genetic mutations: 
  • commonest type is X-linked sideroblastic anemia

Acquired

• myelodysplastic syndrome
• lead poisoning