Small bowel leiomyoma

Last revised by Daniel J Bell on 18 Mar 2024

Leiomyoma of the small bowel is an uncommon mesenchymal tumour. They occur most frequently in the jejunum 1.

May present with abdominal pain, haemorrhage and anaemia secondary to ulceration and bleeding, though many are indolent 2.

  • well-circumscribed soft-tissue mass, typically homogeneously enhancing but may have variable enhancement patterns 1

  • large lesions can be associated with calcification and ulceration

  • homogenous and sharply defined soft tissue lesion 1

  • usually exhibits uniform post-gadolinium enhancement

  • gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST): may be indistinguishable on imaging 1

  • leiomyosarcoma of the small bowel: larger lesion (> 6 cm), ill defined margins, surrounding lymphadenopathy, central necrosis 1

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