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Splenic lesions and anomalies

Last revised by Francis Deng ◉ on 15 Jan 2025

Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data

Citation:

Weerakkody Y, Deng F, Campos A, et al. Splenic lesions and anomalies. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 18 Jan 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-8573

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-8573

Permalink:

https://radiopaedia.org/articles/8573

rID:

8573

Article created:

13 Feb 2010, Yuranga Weerakkody ◉

Disclosures:

At the time the article was created Yuranga Weerakkody had no recorded disclosures.

View Yuranga Weerakkody's current disclosures

Last revised:

15 Jan 2025, Francis Deng ◉

Disclosures:

At the time the article was last revised Francis Deng had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.

View Francis Deng's current disclosures

Revisions:

49 times, by 27 contributors - see full revision history and disclosures

Systems:

Gastrointestinal

Sections:

Gamuts

Tags:

spleen

Synonyms:

Splenic lesions
Splenic anomalies
Anomalies of the spleen

There are a number of splenic lesions and anomalies:

Gamuts

hypervascular splenic lesions

Congenital anomalies

Mass lesions

Benign mass lesions

splenic cyst
splenic pseudocyst
splenic hemangioma: most common benign splenic lesion
splenic lymphangioma
splenic hamartoma
sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT): fibrosing variant of hamartoma
extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen
splenic abscess: sonographically characterized by multiple “target” lesions
splenic hydatid cysts
splenic inflammatory pseudotumor⁷
splenic lipoma
splenic angiomyolipoma
splenic fibroma ⁷
sarcoidosis
focal splenic lesions in type I Gaucher disease ⁸
splenic hematoma ¹⁰

Indeterminate mass lesions

solitary fibrous tumors - range from indolent to aggressive (WHO grade 1-3)
littoral cell angioma of the spleen
inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the spleen

Malignant mass lesions

splenic lymphoma: commonest malignant tumor with splenic involvement ²
angiosarcoma of spleen: commonest primary malignant splenic tumor³
splenic metastases: 50% of which are from malignant melanoma
splenic malignant fibrous histiocytoma ⁹

Diffuse infiltrative processes

These usually manifest as splenomegaly. Some can present as distinct lesions (e.g. granulomas).

Multifocal splenic lesions

Other abnormalities

splenic rupture
- traumatic: spleen is the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma ²
- non-traumatic
splenic infarction
splenosis
splenic peliosis

References

1. Dodds WJ, Taylor AJ, Erickson SJ et-al. Radiologic imaging of splenic anomalies. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1990;155 (4): 805-10. AJR Am J Roentgenol (abstract) - Pubmed citation
2. Taylor AJ, Dodds WJ, Erickson SJ et-al. CT of acquired abnormalities of the spleen. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1991;157 (6): 1213-9. AJR Am J Roentgenol (abstract) - Pubmed citation
3. Vrachliotis TG, Bennett WF, Vaswani KK et-al. Primary angiosarcoma of the spleen--CT, MR, and sonographic characteristics: report of two cases. Abdom Imaging. 25 (3): 283-5. Abdom Imaging (link) - Pubmed citation
4. Ferrozzi F, Bova D, Draghi F et-al. CT findings in primary vascular tumors of the spleen. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;166 (5): 1097-101. AJR Am J Roentgenol (citation) - Pubmed citation
5. Yildiz AE, Ariyurek MO, Karcaaltincaba M. Yildiz AE, Ariyurek MO, Karcaaltincaba M. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013 Apr 21;2013:321810. doi: 10.1155/2013/321810. Print 2013. get pdf
6. Falk GA, Nooli NP, Morris-Stiff G et-al. Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation (SANT) of the spleen: Case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2012;3 (10): 492-500. doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2012.06.003 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
7. R.K. Kaza, S. Azar, M.M. Al-Hawary, I.R. Francis. Primary and secondary neoplasms of the spleen. (2018) Cancer Imaging. 10 (1): 173. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2010.0026 - Pubmed
8. Stein P, Malhotra A, Haims A, Pastores GM, Mistry PK. Focal splenic lesions in type I Gaucher disease are associated with poor platelet and splenic response to macrophage-targeted enzyme replacement therapy. (2010) Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 33 (6): 769. doi:10.1007/s10545-010-9175-6 - Pubmed
9. R.K. Kaza, S. Azar, M.M. Al-Hawary, I.R. Francis. Primary and secondary neoplasms of the spleen. (2018) Cancer Imaging. 10 (1): 173. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2010.0026 - Pubmed
10. Wolfgang Dähnert. Radiology Review Manual. (2011) ISBN: 9781609139438

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Splenic lesions and anomalies

Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data

Gamuts

Congenital anomalies

Mass lesions

Benign mass lesions

Indeterminate mass lesions

Malignant mass lesions

Diffuse infiltrative processes

Multifocal splenic lesions

Other abnormalities

References

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