The submental artery is the largest branch of the facial artery. The vessel supplies the floor of the mouth and sublingual gland while also connecting the circulation of the tongue and the floor of the mouth 1,3.
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Summary
- origin: facial artery 2
- course: emerges from the facial artery at the superior edge of the submandibular gland before typically running anteromedial before tracing superficially to the mylohyoid muscle to arrive at the chin 3,4
- branches: perforating branches to the mylohyoid and platysma muscle 3
- termination: branches curve to the chin before anastomosing with the sublingual branch of the lingual artery as well as the inferior labial artery 1,3
Variant anatomy
The submental artery can terminate superficial, deep, or even perforate the anterior body of the digastric muscle 4. The vessel may also perforate the mylohyoid muscle rather than run superficial to it 4.
Clinical importance
The submental region of skin supplied by the submental artery is a useful donor site for facial and intraoral defects 3.
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