Superior vena caval duplication
Last revised by Raymond Chieng on 10 Dec 2023
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Gaillard F, Chieng R, Chau L, et al. Superior vena caval duplication. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 07 Oct 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-2009
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rID:
2009
Article created:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Frank Gaillard had no recorded disclosures.
View Frank Gaillard's current disclosures
Last revised:
10 Dec 2023,
Raymond Chieng ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Raymond Chieng had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Raymond Chieng's current disclosures
Revisions:
14 times, by
11 contributors -
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Synonyms:
- Double SVC
- Duplicated SVC
- Duplication of SVC
- Duplicated superior vena cava
- SVC duplication
- Duplication of superior vena cava
Superior vena caval (SVC) duplication is the most common form of a left-sided SVC, where the normal right-sided SVC remains. The right SVC, however, can be smaller in approximately two-thirds of such cases 3.
Epidemiology
Double SVC occurs in 0.3% of the general population. In those with congenital heart diseases, double SVC happens in 10 to 11% 4.
Pathology
Results from failure of the embryonic left anterior cardinal vein to regress. Drainage is variable and can be to:
Associations
References
- 1. Kellman GM, Alpern MB, Sandler MA et-al. Computed tomography of vena caval anomalies with embryologic correlation. Radiographics. 1988;8 (3): 533-56. Radiographics (abstract) - Pubmed citation
- 2. Padhani AR, Hale HL. Mediastinal venous anomalies: potential pitfalls in cancer diagnosis. Br J Radiol. 1998;71 (847): 792-8. Br J Radiol (abstract) - Pubmed citation
- 3. Demos TC, Posniak HV, Pierce KL et-al. Venous anomalies of the thorax. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;182 (5): 1139-50. AJR Am J Roentgenol (full text) - Pubmed citation
- 4. Albay S, Cankal F, Kocabiyik N, Yalcin B, Ozan H. Double Superior Vena Cava. Morphologie. 2006;90(288):39-42. doi:10.1016/s1286-0115(06)74317-x - Pubmed
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Articles:
Cases:
- Polysplenia syndrome
- Situs ambiguus - left isomerism
- Double superior vena cava
- Congenital heart disease - pre- and post-operative chest x-rays
- Left SVC draining to the left atrium
- Prostaglandin-induced cortical hyperostosis
- Asplenia syndrome
- Duplicated inferior vena cava
- Left IVC with SVC duplication
- Persistent left superior vena cava
- Persistent left superior vena cava
- Caval variants (illustrations)
- Situs ambiguus and sacral agenesis
- Tricuspid atresia
- Double superior vena cava
- PICC line in left-sided superior vena cava
- Double superior vena cava
- Left sided superior vena cava (with duplication)
- Persistent left superior vena cava
- Right aortic arch with duplicated superior vena cava
Related articles: Anatomy: Thoracic
- thoracic skeleton
- thoracic cage
- thoracic spine
- articulations
- muscles of the thorax
- diaphragm
- intercostal space
- intercostal muscles
- variant anatomy
- spaces of the thorax
- thoracic viscera
- lower respiratory tract
-
heart
- cardiac chambers
- heart valves
- cardiac fibrous skeleton
- innervation of the heart
- development of the heart
- cardiac wall
-
pericardium
- epicardium
- epicardial fat pad
- pericardial space
- oblique pericardial sinus
- transverse pericardial sinus
-
pericardial recesses
- aortic recesses
- pulmonic recesses
- postcaval recess
- pulmonary venous recesses
- pericardial ligaments
- myocardium
- endocardium
-
pericardium
- esophagus
- thymus
- breast
- arterial supply of the thorax
-
thoracic aorta (development)
-
ascending aorta
-
aortic root
- aortic annulus
-
coronary arteries
- coronary arterial dominance
- myocardial segments
-
left main coronary artery (LMCA)
- ramus intermedius artery (RI)
-
circumflex artery (LCx)
- obtuse marginal branches (OM1, OM2, etc))
- Kugel's artery
-
left anterior descending artery (LAD)
- diagonal branches (D1, D2, etc)
- septal perforators (S1, S2, etc)
-
right coronary artery (RCA)
- conus artery
- sinoatrial nodal artery
- acute marginal branches (AM1, AM2, etc)
- inferior interventricular artery (PDA)
- posterior left ventricular artery (PLV)
- congenital anomalies
- sinotubular junction
-
aortic root
- aortic arch
- aortic isthmus
- descending aorta
-
ascending aorta
- pulmonary trunk
-
thoracic aorta (development)
- venous drainage of the thorax
- superior vena cava (SVC)
- inferior vena cava (IVC)
-
coronary veins
-
cardiac veins which drain into the coronary sinus
- great cardiac vein
- middle cardiac vein
- small cardiac vein
- posterior vein of the left ventricle
- vein of Marshall (oblique vein of the left atrium)
- anterior cardiac veins
- venae cordis minimae (smallest cardiac veins or thebesian veins)
-
cardiac veins which drain into the coronary sinus
- pulmonary veins
- bronchial veins
- thoracoepigastric vein
- lymphatics of the thorax
- innervation of the thorax