Thyrohyoid muscle
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View Craig Hacking's current disclosures- Thyrohyoid muscles
The thyrohyoid muscle is an infrahyoid muscle of the neck that is innervated by the ventral ramus of C1. The primary function of the thyrohyoid muscle is to depress and fix the hyoid bone and larynx though it may also raise the larynx when the hyoid bone is fixed.
Summary
- origin: oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
- insertion: greater horn of the hyoid bone
- innervation: branch from anterior rami of C1 spinal nerve
- action: depresses and fixes the hyoid bone and larynx; when hyoid is fixed thyrohyoid raises the larynx
Gross anatomy
Origin
The thyrohyoid is a paired broad, short muscle that originates along the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage.
Insertion
The thyrohyoid muscles pass upwards from their origin on the thyroid cartilage to insert on to the greater horn of the hyoid bone.
Relations
The thyrohyoid muscle is deep to the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle and sternohyoid muscle. It originates end to end on the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage with the sternothyroid muscle.
Blood supply
The thyrohyoid muscles receives its blood supply from branches of the superior thyroid artery.
Innervation
The thyrohyoid muscles are innervated by a branch of the ventral ramus of C1 from the cervical plexus, which courses with the hypoglossal nerve. The nerve fibers are thus not from the hypoglossal nucleus.
Action
The thyohyoid muscle primarily depresses and fixes the hyoid bone and underlying larynx. When the hyoid bone is fixed however contraction of the muscle raises the larynx for example when singing high pitched notes.
References
- 1. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures - Enhanced 7th Edition: A Comprehensive Approach, 7e (Anatomy of Orofacial Structures (Brand)). Mosby. ISBN:0323227848. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. McMINN. Lasts Anatomy Regional and Applied. CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE. (2003) ISBN:B0084AQDG8. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 3. Gray's anatomy for students. Churchill Livingstone. ISBN:0443066124. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
Incoming Links
- Ansa cervicalis
- Hypoglossal nerve
- Superior laryngeal artery
- Sternohyoid muscle
- Cervical plexus
- Thyroid cartilage
- Hyoid bone
- Middle layer of the deep cervical fascia
- Differentiated thyroid cancer (staging)
- Carotid triangle
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Muscular triangle
- Sternothyroid muscle
- Muscular attachments of the hyoid bone (mnemonic)
- Medullary thyroid cancer (staging)
- Extrinsic muscles of the larynx
- Anaplastic thyroid cancer (staging)
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