The tibiotalar angle is between the anatomic axis of the tibia and the superior articular surface of the talar dome. Differently from the talar tilt, the tibiotalar angle uses the tibial longitudinal axis instead of the distal articular surface as a tibial reference point.
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Usage
The tibiotalar angle is used in the evaluation of ankle and hindfoot alignment and the assessment in the setting of ankle instability 1,2.
Measurement
The tibiotalar angle is measured as the angle between the longitudinal axis of the tibia which can be derived by bisection of the distal tibial shaft at two points and a tangent of the superior articular surface of the talar dome 1. It can be measured on the anteroposterior view or mortise view of the ankle 1,2.
Interpretation
No significant differences have been found in tibiotalar angle measurements on the anteroposterior ankle and mortise radiographs if the anatomic axis is taken 1,3.
According to a recent study mean and standard deviation are 3: 88.7° ± 5.1°.