Triquetrum
Last revised by Daniel J Bell on 24 Sep 2021
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Morgan M, Bell D, Hacking C, et al. Triquetrum. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 18 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-33146
rID:
33146
Article created:
1 Jan 2015,
Matt A. Morgan ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Matt A. Morgan had no recorded disclosures.
View Matt A. Morgan's current disclosures
Last revised:
24 Sep 2021,
Daniel J Bell ◉
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Daniel J Bell had no recorded disclosures.
View Daniel J Bell's current disclosures
Revisions:
9 times, by
7 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Sections:
Tags:
Synonyms:
- Os triquetrum
- Triangular bone
- Triquetral bone
The triquetrum (also known as os triquetrum or - historically - as the triangular bone) is one of the carpal bones and forms part of the proximal carpal row.
On this page:
Gross anatomy
Osteology
The triquetrum is wedge-shaped carpal bone located between the lunate and the pisiform. It has an oval facet for articulation with the pisiform.
Articulations
- along with the scaphoid and lunate, forms the distal articular surface of the radiocarpal joint
- intercarpal articulations
- a meniscus attached to the triquetrum is located between the radiocarpal and pisiform-triquetral compartments
Attachments
Musculotendinous
- nil
Ligamentous
- lunotriquetral ligament
-
triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) components
- ulnotriquetral ligaments
- ulnar collateral ligament
- meniscal homologue
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Arterial supply
- receives its blood supply from a network of nutrient vessels on both non-articular surfaces
Variant anatomy
- lunotriquetral coalition
- a triquetrum shorter in its proximal-distal dimension than the adjacent lunate, mimicking a step-off 2
- accessory ossicles
- os triquetrum
- os triquetrum secundarium
- os triangulare
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph
- frontal projection (neutral wrist position)
- forms part of the carpal arcs
- Norgaard view
- better for evaluating the triquetral-pisiform articulation than the frontal or lateral view
Development
Ossification
Cartilaginous at birth, triquetral ossification typically begins at age three and is complete by age six or seven 2. The triquetral ossification center often precedes the lunate 1.
History and etymology
From the Latin "triquetrus" meaning "having three corners". It was originally termed the "cuneiform" bone, when named by Lyser in 1653. It was first called the "triquetrum" by Albinus in 1726.
Related pathology
Quiz questions
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References
- 1. DSc SSP. Gray's Anatomy. Churchill Livingstone. (2011) ISBN:0443066841. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Loredo RA, Sorge DG, Garcia G. Radiographic evaluation of the wrist: a vanishing art. Semin Roentgenol. 2005;40 (3): 248-89. Pubmed citation
- 3. Skinner HA. Origin of Medical Terms. Hafner Publishing Co Ltd. ISBN:0028523903. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
Incoming Links
Articles:
- Wrist
- Pooping duck sign
- Lunate
- Accessory ossicles of the wrist
- Triquetrohamate ligament
- Hands
- Ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist
- Proximal row carpectomy
- Dorsal intercarpal ligament
- Lunula
- Four-corner fusion (wrist)
- Carpal bones
- MRI of the wrist (an approach)
- Wrist series
- Midcarpal joint
- Long radiolunate ligament
- Lunotriquetral coalition
- Lunotriquetral ligament
- Radiocarpal joint
- Ulnomeniscal homologue
Cases:
- Triquetral fracture - pooping duck sign
- Lunotriquetral coalition
- Triquetral fracture - pooping duck sign
- Proximal carpal row fracture-dislocation
- Lunotriquetral coalition
- Ulnar styloid impaction syndrome
- Triquetral fracture - pooping duck sign
- Triquetral fracture
- Triquetral fracture-pooping duck sign
- Lunotriquetral coalition
- Triquetrum (Gray's illustration)
- Bilateral lunotriquetral coalition
- Triquetral fracture
- Triquetral bone fracture
- Isolated triquetral body fracture
- Lunotriquetral coalition
- Wrist radiograph (anatomy quiz)
- Wrist: annotated AP view
- Triquetral fracture - pooping duck sign
- Gout
Multiple choice questions:
Related articles: Anatomy: Upper limb
-
skeleton of the upper limb
- clavicle
- scapula
- humerus
- radius
- ulna
- hand
- accessory ossicles of the upper limb
- accessory ossicles of the shoulder
- accessory ossicles of the elbow
-
accessory ossicles of the wrist (mnemonic)
- os centrale carpi
- os epilunate
- os epitriquetrum
- os styloideum
- os hamuli proprium
- lunula
- os triangulare
- trapezium secondarium
- os paratrapezium
- os radiostyloideum (persistent radial styloid)
- joints of the upper limb
-
pectoral girdle
-
shoulder joint
- articulations
- associated structures
- joint capsule
- bursae
- ligaments
- movements
- scapulothoracic joint
-
glenohumeral joint
- arm flexion
- arm extension
- arm abduction
- arm adduction
- arm internal rotation (medial rotation)
- arm external rotation (lateral rotation)
- circumduction
- arterial supply - scapular anastomosis
- ossification centers
-
shoulder joint
-
elbow joint
- proximal radioulnar joint
- ligaments
- associated structures
- movements
- alignment
- arterial supply - elbow anastomosis
- development
-
wrist joint
- articulations
-
ligaments
- intrinsic ligaments
- extrinsic ligaments
- radioscaphoid ligament
- dorsal intercarpal ligament
- dorsal radiotriquetral ligament
- dorsal radioulnar ligament
- volar radioulnar ligament
- radioscaphocapitate ligament
- long radiolunate ligament
- Vickers ligament
- short radiolunate ligament
- ulnolunate ligament
- ulnotriquetral ligament
- ulnocapitate ligament
- ulnar collateral ligament
- associated structures
- extensor retinaculum
- flexor retinaculum
- joint capsule
- movements
- alignment
- ossification centers
-
hand joints
- articulations
- carpometacarpal joint
-
metacarpophalangeal joints
- palmar ligament (plate)
- collateral ligament
-
interphalangeal joints
- palmar ligament (plate)
- collateral ligament
- movements
- ossification centers
- articulations
-
pectoral girdle
- spaces of the upper limb
- muscles of the upper limb
- shoulder girdle
- anterior compartment of the arm
- posterior compartment of the arm
-
anterior compartment of the forearm
- superficial
- intermediate
- deep
-
posterior compartment of the forearm (extensors)
- superficial
- deep
- muscles of the hand
-
accessory muscles
- elbow
- volar wrist midline
- palmaris longus profundus
- aberrant palmaris longus
- volar wrist radial-side
- accessory flexor digitorum superficialis indicis
- flexor indicis profundus
- flexor carpi radialis vel profundus
- accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus (Gantzer muscle, common)
- volar wrist ulnar-side
- dorsal wrist
- blood supply to the upper limb
-
arteries
- subclavian artery (mnemonic)
- axillary artery
- brachial artery (proximal portion)
- ulnar artery
- radial artery
- veins
-
arteries
- innervation of the upper limb
- intercostobrachial nerve
-
brachial plexus (mnemonic)
- branches from the roots
- branches from the trunks
- branches from the cords
- lateral cord
- posterior cord
- medial cord
- terminal branches
- lymphatic drainage of the upper limb