Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Sharma R, Guan H, et al. Tympanosclerosis. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 18 Jan 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-155508
Tympanosclerosis is a descripitve terms which refers to deposition of hyalinised collagen +/- calcium in the tympanic cavity. If it occurs in solely tympanic membrane, it is termed myringosclerosis 1.
It can be present as unifocal or multifocal punctate or web‐like calcifications in the middle ear cavity or the tympanic membrane.
Associations
It can often be associated with chronic otomastoiditis is which instance it is termed chronic otomastoiditis with tympanosclerosis.
Location / distribution
most frequently the tympanic membrane alone (50%) 3, known as myringosclerosis
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tympanic cavity (intratympanic) / middle ear structures (~30%) causing varying degrees of fixity of the ossicular chain
both, tympanic membrane and middle ear structures (~20%)
CT
On CT petrous temporal bone, bone window images may demonstrate focal calcifications in the tympanic cavity. It may be present in any location, visible as focal calcified densities in the middle ear cavity often along tendons and also in direct apposition to the ossicular chains 1.
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1. Trojanowska A, Drop A, Trojanowski P, Rosińska-Bogusiewicz K, Klatka J, Bobek-Billewicz B. External and Middle Ear Diseases: Radiological Diagnosis Based on Clinical Signs and Symptoms. Insights Imaging. 2012;3(1):33-48. doi:10.1007/s13244-011-0126-z - Pubmed
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2. Swartz J, Wolfson R, Marlowe F, Popky G. Postinflammatory Ossicular Fixation: CT Analysis with Surgical Correlation. Radiology. 1985;154(3):697-700. doi:10.1148/radiology.154.3.3918333 - Pubmed
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3. Larem A, Abu Rajab Altamimi Z, Aljariri A et al. Reliability of high‐resolution CT Scan in Diagnosis of Ossicular Tympanosclerosis. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. 2021;6(3):540-8. doi:10.1002/lio2.594 - Pubmed
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4. Moon W, Park D, Lee S et al. Tympanosclerosis of the Middle Ear: Radiologic-Surgical Correlation. J Korean Radiol Soc. 1998;38(2):211. doi:10.3348/jkrs.1998.38.2.211
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5. Kloth C, Beck A, Sollmann N, Beer M, Horger M, Thaiss W. Imaging of Pathologies of the Temporal Bone and Middle Ear: Inflammatory Diseases, Their Mimics and Potential Complications-Pictorial Review. Tomography. 2023;9(6):2190-210. doi:10.3390/tomography9060170 - Pubmed
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