Umbilicus
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
At the time the article was created Craig Hacking had no recorded disclosures.
View Craig Hacking's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Craig Hacking had the following disclosures:
- Philips Australia, Paid speaker at Philips Spectral CT events (ongoing)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Craig Hacking's current disclosuresThe umbilicus is the fibrous remnant of the fetal attachment of the umbilical cord after birth.
Gross anatomy
All layers of the anterior abdominal wall fuse at the umbilical ring, a small round defect in the linea alba located just inferior to the midpoint between the xiphoid process of the sternum and the pubic symphysis. The overlying skin is adherent to the umbilicus, causing a depression that is more accentuated with greater body mass.
The fibrous cicatrix is a fusion of several peritoneal and fibrous structures including the:
round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres)
median umbilical ligament (obliterated urachus)
two medial umbilical ligaments (obliterated umbilical arteries)
umbilical fascia surrounding the urachal remnant
The umbilicus in the fetus transmits the umbilical arteries, umbilical vein, urachus
and the vitelline duct (in the first trimester). It closes a few days after birth and involutes.
Related pathology
omphalitis of the newborn due to infection of the stump of the umbilical cord
omphalitis in adults is rare and can be caused by infection of a urachal remnant, vitelline duct or foreign body
References
- 1. Moore KL, Agur AMR, Dalley AF. Clinically oriented anatomy. LWW. ISBN:1451119453. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Last's anatomy, regional and applied. Churchill Livingstone. ISBN:044304662X. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 3. Butler P, Mitchell A, Healy JC. Applied Radiological Anatomy. Cambridge University Press. (2012) ISBN:0521766664. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 4. Susan Standring. Gray's Anatomy. ISBN: 9780702052309
Incoming Links
- Mons pubis
- Linea alba
- Neonatal chest radiograph in the exam setting
- Transversalis fascia
- Arcuate line
- Diastasis recti
- Retropubic space
- Malone antegrade continence enema procedure
- Paraumbilical hernia
- Superficial epigastric artery
- Umbilical vein
- Gastroschisis
- Amniotic fluid index
- Median umbilical fold
- Urinary bladder
- Ligamentum teres hepatis (abdomen)
- Thoracic endometriosis
- McBurney point
- Cephalopagus
- Abdominal paracentesis
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