Vaginal stenosis

Vaginal stenosis refers to a narrowing of the vagina, it can be congenital or acquired.

Clinical presentation

• dyspareunia
• painful pelvic examination

Complications

• retrograde menstruation

Pathology

Causes

Acquired causes include:

• iatrogenic
  • scarring from prior pelvic irradiation - brachytherapy
  • post-episiotomy
• vaginal foreign bodies ⁵

Radiographic features

General

Depending on the site of stenosis and state of menstruation there can be a combination of

• hydrocolpos
• hydrometra
• hydrometrocolpos
• hematocolpos
• hematometrocolpos 
• hematometra

Treatment and prognosis

The mainstay of treatment is the use of vaginal dilation ⁶.

Differential diagnosis

• transverse vaginal septum