DSA (angiography)
Frontal Common carotid artery
Lateral Common carotid artery
Frontal Common carotid artery
Lateral Common carotid artery
VRT Common carotid artery
Common carotid artery
Conebeam CT Common carotid artery
Wired Common carotid artery
Balloon Inflation Vasa vasorum
Balloon angioplasty Vasa vasorum
Stented Common carotid artery
Cathether angiogram shows chronic internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion with "braided apprearance" reconstitution due to enlarged vasa vasorum of the vessel wall.
Cone beam CT during common carotid artery injection shows vasa vasorum associated with the vessel wall and helps planning the navigation.
Treatment by antegrade navigation of the ICA vasa vasorum with a microwire all the way up to the intracranial unaffected ICA terminal segment, followed by retrograde balloon angioplasty and retrograde stent angioplasty of the entire affected segment.