Diagram - Embryonic rotation of the gut
rotation of the gut
herniating out into the umbilical cord
~90° counterclockwise rotation
additional ~180° counterclockwise rotation
total ~270° counterclockwise rotation
final elongation of the colon
Which distinct sections the primitive gut is divided into
The tube is divided into 3 sections; foregut midgut hindgut
Which structures develop from midgut
Distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon
Between the 5th and 10th week of gestation, the midgut loop elongates by herniating out into the umbilical cord. The midgut communicates with the yolk sac by the vitellointestinal duct (Vitellius duct).
First midgut rotates by 90° anticlockwise around the superior mesenteric artery. Then it re-enters in the abdominal cavity undergoing another 180° anticlockwise rotation.
After complex 270° anticlockwise rotation (90°+180°), the caecum is in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity. Thereafter enlargement of the colon pushes the caecum down into its final position.