Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen

Discussion:

The patient underwent splenectomy. Histopathology showed lesion consisting of fibrous tissue with variable-sized vascular nodules, scattered plasma cells and lymphocytes, the vascular components were composed of variably sized blood vessels with endothelial linning. Nuclear atypia was absent. No malignancy.

Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen is a recently described, rare, benign vascular lesion.

SANT has a typical radiological pattern. Multiphasic CT shows hypovascular center with an enhancing rim and radiating vascularized tissue penetrating from the periphery toward the center of the lesion. Progressive central enhancement with delayed imaging thought to be the result of contrast penetrating the center of the lesion from the vascular rim "spoke wheel" pattern

On MRI: it typically elicits low signal on T2 WI in contrast to most of the other splenic focal lesions.

On DWI: it shows facilitated diffusion, in contrast to neoplastic focal lesions.

On PET-CT: most cases don't show increased FDG uptake, yet some authors reported mild to moderate increased FDG uptake.

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