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Miliary tuberculosis

Case contributed by Augusto César Vieira Teixeira
Diagnosis almost certain

Presentation

Patient with HIV infection without antiretroviral therapy started with cough and fever.

Patient Data

Age: 30 years
Gender: Female

Chest x-ray

x-ray

Chest x-ray demonstrates a bilateral diffuse micronodular pattern. 

CT chest

ct

CT findings consist of innumerable, 1-3 mm diameter nodules randomly distributed throughout both lungs.

Case Discussion

Miliary TB refers to widespread dissemination of TB by hematogenous spread. It occurs in 2-6% of primary TB and also occurs somewhat more frequently in reactivation TB. In the latter situation, miliary TB may be seen in association with typical parenchymal changes or may be the only pulmonary abnormality.

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