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What problems are associated with duplex kidneys?
Vesicoureteric reflux and an associated ureterocele are the common related issues with duplex kidneys.
Which pole does vesicoureteral reflux occur into and why?
VU reflux occurs into the the lower pole moiety. In a duplex kidney the lower pole ureter inserts more laterally into the bladder and will have a shorter and less oblique intramural course through the bladder wall than a normal ureter.
Delayed CT scan in coronal thin-VRT view. Both collecting systems have two ureters that join distally near the UVJ. Furthermore, numerous cysts can be seen in both kidneys.