What are types of Radial Ray anomaly ?
Radial ray anomalies can be classified according to their severity into four main subtypes : type I: slightly (>2 mm) short radius and sideways bending of hands at the wrist (often associated with a hypoplastic thumb); proximal radius is usually unaffected. type II: very short radius and sideway curving of ulna which supports the wrist poorly type III: partial absence of radius type IV: complete absence of radius
What are associations of Radial Ray anomaly?
amniotic band syndrome, Duane radial ray syndrome (DRRS), Fanconi anaemia, Holt-Oram syndrome, Nager syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS), in utero teratogen exposure of valproic acid and thalidomide, TAR syndrome: thrombocytopaenia, absent radius syndrome, trisomy 18, VACTERL.
Complete absence of the radius bilaterally, with absent thumb on left side. Absence of multiple carpal bones bilaterally. Bowing hypoplastic ulna with poor support to wrist joint bilaterally, resulting in radial deviation and hyperflexion of both hands. Findings are suggestive of Type IV Radial Ray Anomaly.