Persistent median artery and bifid median nerve

Case contributed by Dai Roberts
Diagnosis almost certain

Presentation

Generalized wrist pain.

Patient Data

Age: 40 years
Gender: Female

The dorsal scapholunate ligament is mildly thickened and edematous with small adjacent cysts like structures, likely representing partial thickness tearing and ganglion cysts.  No widening of the scapholunate interval on this non-stressed study.

Mild thickening of the APL tendon at the level of the radial styloid, with minimal overlying edema, due to mild tendinopathy.  

There is a serpiginous low T2 signal structure that passes through the volar portion of the carpal tunnel, between the bifid median nerve, in keeping with a persistent median artery of the forearm.  

Case Discussion

Although often an incidental finding, a persistent median artery of the forearm is associated with a bifid median nerve.  This must be stated, so both portions of the median nerve can be identified if the patient was to undergo carpal tunnel release.  Thrombosis of the persistent median artery is a rare cause of carpal tunnel syndrome 1.

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