What two types of these lesions are described, based on the morphology of the nidus?
Compact and diffuse (according to how tightly the nidus is formed).
What grading system is used and what features are counted?
Spetzler-Martin AVM grading system: size of nidus; eloquence of adjacent brain; venous drainage.
What modes of treatment are available?
Options include microsurgery, endovascular treatment (embolisation) and radiosurgery.
- Fig 1: nidus (blue arrows) and enlarged middle cerebral arteries (orange arrows).
- Fig 2: draining veins (blue arrows)
- Fig 3: enlarged posterior cerebral artery (blue arrow) with likely contribution via the lateral posterior choroidal arteries. Small branches can be seen extending from the choroid plexus to the nidus (orange arrow).