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What is the cause of 'twinkle artefact' on colour Doppler ultrasound?
Twinkle artifact is appears as alternating colours on Doppler behind a reflective object which imitates focal turbulent blood flow. It is thought to be generated by intrinsic machine noise within the scannner ('phase jitter').
Right-sided hydronephrosis and a small amount of perinephric free fluid. 3 mm echogenic focus at the right vesicoureteric junction which demonstrated 'twinkle' artifact. No ureteric jet visualised.
Unremarkable left collecting system and kidney.