Presentation
Dyslipidemia, hypertension. Annual medical check-up.
Patient Data
The common carotid arteries and bilateral internal and external carotid arteries appear normal in their caliber and spectral hues; they demonstrate normal biphasic Doppler wave patterns.
There is a small right bulbular calcific intimal plaque measuring 2 mm with approximately 10% lumen narrowing.
There is bilateral common carotid, bulbular, and internal carotid mild intimal thickening.
The right and left common carotid intimal wall thicknesses are 1.1 mm and 1.2 mm, respectively (approximately 5% lumen narrowing).
The right and left internal carotid and bulbular intimal wall thicknesses are 1.6 mm and 1.3 mm, respectively.
Case Discussion
Carotid artery stenosis is caused by a local thickening of the carotid artery wall as a result of atherosclerosis. The high prevalence was found to be associated with acute ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease, and atherosclerosis. Dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and specific hemodynamic factors such as turbulent blood flow or low wall shear stress all contribute to the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis.
Ultrasound is the first imaging modality of choice for assessing carotid artery plaques and stenosis.
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