Presentation
Incidental finding.
Patient Data
A large lithic and inhomogeneous area at the proximal diaphysis of the humerus with some arcs calcifications in the context. Bone cortex is not interrupted.
An intramedullary lytic lesion at the proximal part of the left humeral diaphysis, with low signal intensity on T1 and moderately hyperintense on T2, and lobulated margins (popcorn-like) with some rings and arcs of chondroid calcifications. No endosteal erosions or periosteal reactions are recognizable.
Case Discussion
Enchondromas are benign cartilaginous neoplasms that are usually solitary lesions in intramedullary bone occurring most commonly in small bones of the hands and feet. The distal femur and proximal humerus are other, less common locations.
The primary significant factors of enchondromas are related to their complications, most notably pathologic fracture, and malignant transformation, which may be associated with pathologic fracture.
The lesions replace the normal bone with mineralized or unmineralized hyaline cartilage, thereby generating a lytic pattern on radiographs or, more commonly, a lytic area containing rings and arcs of chondroid calcifications.
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